彝海景区基础设施建设对陆生生态环境的影响分析

发布时间：2019-05-07 11:33

【摘要】：旅游业的发展不仅需要旅游交通的便利,而且更需要旅游基础设施的支撑。旅游基础设施的建设解决了景区游客接待等问题,但随之而来的影响便是施工建设所造成的环境问题。景区的旅游发展始于基础设施的建设,较大规模的旅游基础设施如公路、观光索道、游客服务中心等,规模较小的如游步道、栈道、观景台、凉亭、标志牌等。这些基础设施的用途虽不尽相同,但其建设所引起的环境影响具有相似性。本文以彝海景区为研究区,重点研究基础设施建设项目对陆生生态环境的影响。本文首先采用了资料搜集、实地核实、访问、Arcgis制图分析等方法对景区内陆生生态环境进行调查;其次定性与定量相结合分析基础设施的建设对陆生生态环境的影响;最后针对彝海景区工程特点提出对陆生生态环境的保护措施。本文获得的成果如下:(1)彝海景区陆生植物的现状包括种子植物区系分析、种子植物科属多样性与地理成分分析、主要植被类型分析以及国家重点保护野生植物;陆生动物的现状包括脊椎动物以及国家保护动物;此外还包括了景观、地质灾害的现状。(2)通过实地法分析出各工程具体影响到的植物种类和植被类型;预测工程对陆生动物会产生什么影响;运用景观生态学中景观格局分析法、景观多样性分析法对研究区景观所受到的影响进行分析,得出各类景观的边界密度、分离度、破碎度等景观指数;以及整个景观的破碎度与多样性指数等。利用Acrgis制图所获得的成果有植被类型图、景观类型图、保护动物分布图。(3)建设施工影响最多的是植被,尤其工程区对植物的清理、施工占地对植物的伤害;进而影响到一些动物的栖息地。但多数施工影响都是暂时的,待工程结束进行植被修复后,大多数会回到工程前的水平。景观受人为的影响较小。
[Abstract]:The development of tourism needs not only the convenience of tourism transportation, but also the support of tourism infrastructure. The construction of tourism infrastructure solves the problems of tourist reception in scenic spots, but the following impact is the environmental problems caused by construction. The tourism development of scenic spots begins with the construction of infrastructure, large-scale tourism infrastructure such as roads, sightseeing cableways, tourist service centers and so on, and smaller ones such as walkways, trestle paths, viewing platforms, pavilions, signs and so on. Although the use of these infrastructure is not the same, the environmental impact of their construction is similar. This paper focuses on the impact of infrastructure construction projects on terrestrial ecological environment, taking Yi Hai scenic spot as the study area. In this paper, the methods of data collection, field verification, interview and Arcgis mapping analysis are used to investigate the terrestrial ecological environment in scenic spots, secondly, the impact of infrastructure construction on terrestrial ecological environment is analyzed by combining qualitative and quantitative analysis. Finally, the protection measures for terrestrial ecological environment are put forward according to the engineering characteristics of Yi Hai scenic spot. The results obtained in this paper are as follows: (1) the status quo of terrestrial plants in Yi Sea Scenic spot includes floristic analysis of seed plants, analysis of diversity and geographical composition of seed plants, analysis of main vegetation types and national protection of wild plants; The present situation of terrestrial animals includes vertebrates and national protection of animals. In addition, landscape and geological hazards are also included. (2) Plant species and vegetation types affected by various projects are analyzed by field method. Prediction of the impact of engineering on terrestrial animals; Using landscape pattern analysis in landscape ecology, landscape diversity analysis to analyze the impact on the landscape of the study area, the boundary density, separation, fragmentation and other landscape indices are obtained. And the fragmentation and diversity index of the whole landscape. The results obtained by Acrgis mapping include vegetation type map, landscape type map and protection animal distribution map. (3) the vegetation, especially the clean-up of plants in the engineering area and the damage of the construction area to the plants, are the most influential factors in the construction. Which in turn affects the habitat of some animals. However, most of the construction effects are temporary, and most of them will return to the pre-engineering level after vegetation restoration. The landscape is less affected by man-made effects.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X82

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