河西走廊生态环境综合评价指标体系的构建

发布时间：2019-05-08 10:55

【摘要】：河西走廊严峻的生态形势、不容忽视的生态功能和独特的地理位置,决定了河西走廊在国家生态环境建设布局中的重要地位。研究河西走廊的生态环境问题,构建河西走廊的生态环境评价体系,有利于国家和甘肃省环境保护当局发现河西走廊生态环境的现状和发展趋势,可以为西北荒漠化问题的治理和河西走廊生态环境的改善提出相应的政策指引。本论文以河西走廊5个市为研究对象,基于生态可持续发展、生态经济学等基本理论,运用层次分析法、生态足迹模型和PSR模型等研究方法,从河西走廊的生态环境特点和现状出发,构建河西走廊生态环境综合评价指标体系。具体而言,本研究从主要成因和结果表现两方面,构建生态脆弱性评价指标体系；从人类对自然资本的供给和需求两方面,构建生态可持续性评价指标;从压力、响应、状态三个方面,构建生态安全性评价指标体系。最后,在构建评价指标体系的基础上,本文计算了河西走廊生态脆弱度、生态足迹和生态安全度,并据此提出治理对策和意见。研究结果显示,河西走廊的生态脆弱度范围、生态足迹值和生态安全度分别为0.4295-0.6262、-1.1765和0.4439,河西走廊的生态环境处于中度脆弱以上、生态赤字和不安全的状态。
[Abstract]:The serious ecological situation, ecological function and unique geographical position of Hexi Corridor determine the important position of Hexi Corridor in the layout of national ecological environment construction. Studying the ecological environment of Hexi Corridor and constructing the ecological environment evaluation system of Hexi Corridor is beneficial to the national and Gansu environmental protection authorities to discover the present situation and development trend of the ecological environment of Hexi Corridor. It can provide corresponding policy guidance for the control of desertification in Northwest China and the improvement of ecological environment in Hexi Corridor. This paper takes five cities in Hexi Corridor as the research object, based on the basic theories of ecological sustainable development, ecological economics and so on, using analytic hierarchy process (AHP), ecological footprint model and PSR model, etc. Based on the characteristics and present situation of ecological environment in Hexi Corridor, a comprehensive evaluation index system of ecological environment in Hexi Corridor was established. Specifically, this study constructs the evaluation index system of ecological vulnerability from two aspects: the main cause of formation and the performance of the results. From two aspects of supply and demand of natural capital, ecological sustainability evaluation index is constructed, and ecological security evaluation index system is constructed from three aspects: pressure, response and state. Finally, on the basis of constructing the evaluation index system, this paper calculates the ecological fragility, ecological footprint and ecological security degree of Hexi Corridor, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions on this basis. The results show that the range of ecological fragility, ecological footprint and ecological security of Hexi Corridor are 0.4295 ~ 0.6262, 1.1765 and 0.4439, respectively. The ecological environment of Hexi Corridor is above moderate fragility. Ecological deficits and insecurity.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X826

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