输水隧洞工程对燕子洞风景区地下水环境影响研究
发布时间：2019-05-18 21:51
【摘要】：滇中引水工程是为解决滇中地区城镇生活及工业用水短缺而规划的特大型调水工程。输水线路引水自金沙江,途经丽江、大理、楚雄、昆明、玉溪及红河等35个县(市、区),其中线路后段拟建大坡子隧洞位于红河州建水县,临近燕子洞地下岩溶国家级风景名胜区、国家AAAA级旅游区,隧洞工程可能造成周围地下水环境的改变,引起水位下降、重要地下水敏感点疏干、施工排水污染等问题,对燕子洞风景区地下水环境(水量和水质)造成影响。因此通过对隧址区及景观环境敏感点进行研究以预测、评价隧洞施工期及运营期造成的地下水环境影响,提出合理的保护措施,指导工程实践,为施工决策和地下水资源保护提供科学依据,同时为此类环境敏感点地下水环境影响研究的技术及方法提供借鉴和参考具有重要意义。本文在资料收集整理及现场调查的基础上,阐明了研究区水文地质条件,定性分析隧洞工程对燕子洞地下水环境造成的影响,并采用水均衡法量化分析隧洞施工对燕子洞的水量减少量,基于Visual Modflow三维数值模拟法预测地下水渗流场的影响并结合解析法评价不同施工方案下以涌水为载体的施工污水排放造成的景区水质污染,最终根据结果提出合理的防治排水污染施工建议以及隧洞施工完成运营期的地下水资源保护措施。具体研究内容及主要成果如下:(1)大坡子隧洞穿越两个岩溶水文地质单元,地形及地质构造复杂,岩溶发育强烈,总体可溶岩地层占全段比例达66%。燕子洞地下岩溶风景区位于三叠系个旧组(T2g)灰岩片状出露区,泸江在岩溶区切割较深,于大田山燕子洞潜入地下形成伏流溶洞,其伏流补给水源除了泸江径流外,一部分为泸江以北岩溶地下水的侧向径流补给,另一部分来自泸江以南地表泉点随支沟汇流补给。(2)大坡子隧洞Ⅰ段纵向穿越的畔山-大田山水文地质单元紧靠燕子洞伏流南侧,隧洞施工中长期疏干往北径流的地下水,袭夺原本由地表顺支沟排入泸江的泉点,导致区域地下水位下降,地表水和井、泉干枯,减小燕子洞伏流的补给量,同时施工过程中产生的机械油污、弃渣等污染源随涌水由隧洞进出口以及支洞进行排放,经地表水流入燕子洞风景区,将造成景区的水质污染。(3)采用水均衡法量化分析得到隧洞施工对燕子洞水量减小的影响,同时施工污水将随涌水由地表支沟进入燕子洞造成水质污染,于是通过解析法和数值模拟方法对隧洞Ⅰ段涌水量进行计算,根据隧洞入口及1#支洞、2#支洞的布置情况,按照可能存在的五种施工开挖组合方式,分别预测排入燕子洞景区涌水污染源大小,讨论了各方案的优劣性,提出合理的方案以及污水处理措施,为施工提供了科学的依据,指导工程实践。(4)隧洞施工完成进入运营期后,地下水渗流场逐渐恢复施工前状态,各泉点也将持续对燕子洞伏流进行补给。隧洞在建成进行输水运营过程中,某些污染性物质可能沿裂隙渗入到岩溶地下水对水质造成影响,同时施工过程中未经处理或处理不当的污染废水流入景区也需要长时间的监测、处理以恢复到工程建设前的状态,因此隧洞输水运营期同样要切实保护重要地下水资源,保证景区景观旅游观赏价值,实现可持续发展。
[Abstract]:The water diversion project in Yunnan is an extra-large water diversion project which is planned to solve the shortage of urban and industrial water in the central part of Yunnan. The water conveyance line is diverted from the Jinsha River, and passes through 35 counties (cities and districts) such as Lijiang, Dali, Chuxiong, Kunming, Yuxi and Red River. The proposed large-slope sub-tunnel in the rear section of the line is located in Jianhua, Honghe State, near the underground karst state-level scenic spot of the Swallow Cave, and the national AAAA-level tourist area. The tunnel project may cause the change of the surrounding groundwater environment, cause the water level to fall, the loose and dry of the important groundwater sensitive points, the construction and drainage pollution, etc., and have an effect on the groundwater environment (water volume and water quality) in the Swallow Cave scenic area. Therefore, through the study on the sensitive points of the tunnel site area and the landscape environment to forecast and evaluate the environmental impact of the underground water caused by the tunnel construction period and the operation period, the reasonable protection measures are put forward to guide the engineering practice, and provide the scientific basis for the construction decision-making and the protection of the groundwater resources. At the same time, it is of great significance to provide reference and reference for the technology and method of the study on the environmental impact of the groundwater in the sensitive point of the environment. Based on the data collection and the field investigation, this paper expounds the hydrogeologic condition of the study area, analyzes the influence of the tunnel project on the groundwater environment of the swallow hole, and uses the water balance method to quantize and analyze the water volume decrease of the tunnel construction to the swallow hole. The effect of the three-dimensional numerical simulation method on the seepage field of the ground water is predicted based on the Visual Modflow three-dimensional numerical simulation method, and the water quality pollution of the scenic area caused by the construction sewage discharge under different construction schemes under different construction schemes is evaluated by combining the analytical method, Finally, the reasonable prevention and control of the drainage pollution construction proposal and the protection measures of the ground water resources during the construction of the tunnel are put forward based on the results. The concrete research contents and main results are as follows: (1) The large-slope sub-tunnel passes through the two karst hydrogeologic units, the terrain and the geological structure are complex, the karst development is strong, and the total rock-soluble formation accounts for 66% of the total section proportion. The underground karst scenic area of the Swallow Cave is located in the plate-shaped exposed area of the Triassic old group (T2g) limestone, and the Lujiang River is cut deeper in the karst area. In the field, the swallow hole in the field is penetrated into the underground to form the volt-flow karst cave, and the V-flow make-up water source is in addition to the runoff of the Lujiang River. One part is the lateral runoff recharge of the karst groundwater in the north of the Lujiang River, and the other part comes from the surface spring point of the south of the Lujiang River to make up with the branch ditch. (2) The river-field mountain-field mountain hydrogeologic unit of the longitudinal direction crossing of the section I of the large-slope sub-tunnel is in close contact with the south side of the V-V of the swallow hole, and the underground water for the long-and medium-term and long-term and long-term drainage of the tunnel to the north-run runoff is taken, and then the water in the area is taken to fall, and the surface water and the well are caused to fall in the regional water table. The spring is dry and dry, so that the supply quantity of the flow of the swallows hole is reduced, and the pollution sources such as mechanical oil and waste slag generated during the construction process are discharged from the inlet and outlet of the tunnel and the supporting hole along with the water, and the surface water flows into the scenic area of the swallow hole, thus causing the water quality of the scenic spot to be polluted. (3) The effect of the tunnel construction on the reduction of the water volume of the swallow hole is obtained through the quantitative analysis of the water balance method, meanwhile, the construction sewage will be polluted by the water quality caused by the water inflow from the surface branch to the swallow hole, so that the water inflow of the first section of the tunnel is calculated through the analytical method and the numerical simulation method, according to the arrangement of the tunnel entrance and the 1 # supporting hole and the 2 # branch hole, the size of the water pollution source discharged into the scenic area of the swallow hole is predicted respectively according to the possible five construction excavation combination modes, the advantages and disadvantages of the schemes are discussed, the reasonable scheme and the sewage treatment measures are proposed, It provides scientific basis for the construction, and guides the engineering practice. (4) After the tunnel construction is completed, the ground water seepage field is gradually restored to the pre-construction state after the completion of the operation period, and the water flow of the swallow hole will continue to be supplied continuously at each spring point. in that course of completion of the water delivery and operation of the tunnel, some of the polluting substances may penetrate into the karst groundwater along the fracture to affect the water quality, and meanwhile, the pollution waste water which is not treated or mishandled in the construction process can be monitored for a long time, In order to restore to the state before the project construction, it is necessary to protect the important groundwater resources in the same way as the tunnel water delivery and operation period, so as to ensure the ornamental value of the landscape of the scenic area and realize the sustainable development.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X523;X824
[Abstract]:The water diversion project in Yunnan is an extra-large water diversion project which is planned to solve the shortage of urban and industrial water in the central part of Yunnan. The water conveyance line is diverted from the Jinsha River, and passes through 35 counties (cities and districts) such as Lijiang, Dali, Chuxiong, Kunming, Yuxi and Red River. The proposed large-slope sub-tunnel in the rear section of the line is located in Jianhua, Honghe State, near the underground karst state-level scenic spot of the Swallow Cave, and the national AAAA-level tourist area. The tunnel project may cause the change of the surrounding groundwater environment, cause the water level to fall, the loose and dry of the important groundwater sensitive points, the construction and drainage pollution, etc., and have an effect on the groundwater environment (water volume and water quality) in the Swallow Cave scenic area. Therefore, through the study on the sensitive points of the tunnel site area and the landscape environment to forecast and evaluate the environmental impact of the underground water caused by the tunnel construction period and the operation period, the reasonable protection measures are put forward to guide the engineering practice, and provide the scientific basis for the construction decision-making and the protection of the groundwater resources. At the same time, it is of great significance to provide reference and reference for the technology and method of the study on the environmental impact of the groundwater in the sensitive point of the environment. Based on the data collection and the field investigation, this paper expounds the hydrogeologic condition of the study area, analyzes the influence of the tunnel project on the groundwater environment of the swallow hole, and uses the water balance method to quantize and analyze the water volume decrease of the tunnel construction to the swallow hole. The effect of the three-dimensional numerical simulation method on the seepage field of the ground water is predicted based on the Visual Modflow three-dimensional numerical simulation method, and the water quality pollution of the scenic area caused by the construction sewage discharge under different construction schemes under different construction schemes is evaluated by combining the analytical method, Finally, the reasonable prevention and control of the drainage pollution construction proposal and the protection measures of the ground water resources during the construction of the tunnel are put forward based on the results. The concrete research contents and main results are as follows: (1) The large-slope sub-tunnel passes through the two karst hydrogeologic units, the terrain and the geological structure are complex, the karst development is strong, and the total rock-soluble formation accounts for 66% of the total section proportion. The underground karst scenic area of the Swallow Cave is located in the plate-shaped exposed area of the Triassic old group (T2g) limestone, and the Lujiang River is cut deeper in the karst area. In the field, the swallow hole in the field is penetrated into the underground to form the volt-flow karst cave, and the V-flow make-up water source is in addition to the runoff of the Lujiang River. One part is the lateral runoff recharge of the karst groundwater in the north of the Lujiang River, and the other part comes from the surface spring point of the south of the Lujiang River to make up with the branch ditch. (2) The river-field mountain-field mountain hydrogeologic unit of the longitudinal direction crossing of the section I of the large-slope sub-tunnel is in close contact with the south side of the V-V of the swallow hole, and the underground water for the long-and medium-term and long-term and long-term drainage of the tunnel to the north-run runoff is taken, and then the water in the area is taken to fall, and the surface water and the well are caused to fall in the regional water table. The spring is dry and dry, so that the supply quantity of the flow of the swallows hole is reduced, and the pollution sources such as mechanical oil and waste slag generated during the construction process are discharged from the inlet and outlet of the tunnel and the supporting hole along with the water, and the surface water flows into the scenic area of the swallow hole, thus causing the water quality of the scenic spot to be polluted. (3) The effect of the tunnel construction on the reduction of the water volume of the swallow hole is obtained through the quantitative analysis of the water balance method, meanwhile, the construction sewage will be polluted by the water quality caused by the water inflow from the surface branch to the swallow hole, so that the water inflow of the first section of the tunnel is calculated through the analytical method and the numerical simulation method, according to the arrangement of the tunnel entrance and the 1 # supporting hole and the 2 # branch hole, the size of the water pollution source discharged into the scenic area of the swallow hole is predicted respectively according to the possible five construction excavation combination modes, the advantages and disadvantages of the schemes are discussed, the reasonable scheme and the sewage treatment measures are proposed, It provides scientific basis for the construction, and guides the engineering practice. (4) After the tunnel construction is completed, the ground water seepage field is gradually restored to the pre-construction state after the completion of the operation period, and the water flow of the swallow hole will continue to be supplied continuously at each spring point. in that course of completion of the water delivery and operation of the tunnel, some of the polluting substances may penetrate into the karst groundwater along the fracture to affect the water quality, and meanwhile, the pollution waste water which is not treated or mishandled in the construction process can be monitored for a long time, In order to restore to the state before the project construction, it is necessary to protect the important groundwater resources in the same way as the tunnel water delivery and operation period, so as to ensure the ornamental value of the landscape of the scenic area and realize the sustainable development.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X523;X824
【参考文献】
中国期刊全文数据库 前9条
1 邓清海;马凤山;袁仁茂;李国庆;赵海军;;石太客运专线特长隧道地区水文地质研究及隧道开挖环境影响效应[J];第四纪研究;2006年01期
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