行业废水及城市污水对斜生栅藻的急性毒性效应研究
发布时间:2019-05-24 12:56
【摘要】:本课题以微藻,斜生栅藻(Scenedesmus obliquus)为受试生物,研究了7种行业废水(造纸废水、印染废水、制药废水、颜料废水、炼油废水、丙烯腈废水和焦化废水)及城市污水的毒性。利用藻的四个不同测试终点(细胞密度、叶绿素a合成、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和细胞膜完整性)来表征废水/污水的急性毒性效应。比较了采用不同处理技术(SBR、Linpor和活性污泥法)的城市污水处理厂对污水急性毒性的去除效果以及斜生栅藻的四个指标对废水/污水的敏感性。首先,考察了各行业废水对斜生栅藻的毒性效应及处理工艺对废水毒性的去除效果。探究了废水毒性与理化指标之间的关联,比较了斜生栅藻的四个指标对行业废水的敏感性。结果表明,各处理工艺对行业废水的毒性都有明显的削减,但出水均对藻的一个或多个指标存在毒性效应。NH3-N可能是行业废水毒性的主要来源。斜生栅藻的四个指标对行业废水的敏感性顺序为SOD活性叶绿素a合成细胞密度细胞膜完整性。其次,考察了城市污水处理厂的不同处理技术对污水毒性的去除效果。探究了城市污水毒性与理化指标之间的关联,并比较了斜生栅藻的四个指标对城市污水的敏感性。结果表明,三个处理工艺均能够完全去除污水对藻的叶绿素a合成的促进效应,仅活性污泥工艺能够完全去除污水对藻细胞生长的促进效应,SBR和活性污泥法均能够成功去除污水对藻细胞膜的伤害作用,SBR和活性污泥法能够部分去除污水对藻SOD活性的促进作用,而Linpor系统未能显著降低污水对藻SOD的促进效应。NaC1O消毒使污水毒性显著增强。污水对斜生栅藻叶绿素a合成的促进作用与TOC及TP浓度显著正相关。斜生栅藻的四个指标对城市污水的敏感性顺序为SOD活性叶绿素a合成细胞密度细胞膜完整性。综上所述,行业废水及城市污水排水对斜生栅藻均存在急性毒性效应。废水的毒性与其理化指标之间存在一定的相关关系,但某一个或几个理化指标无法预测废水的毒性效应。斜生栅藻的SOD活性及叶绿素a合成比细胞生长更为敏感,可以作为废水毒性评价的指标。本研究有助于了解工业废水及城市污水的急性毒性以及当前的废水/污水处理技术对毒性的去除效果。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the toxicity of seven kinds of industrial wastewater (papermaking wastewater, printing and dyeing wastewater, pharmaceutical wastewater, pigment wastewater, refinery wastewater, acrylic wastewater and coking wastewater) and municipal wastewater were studied with microalgae and (Scenedesmus obliquus) as the tested organisms. The acute toxic effects of wastewater / sewage were characterized by four different test terminals (cell density, chlorophyll a synthesis, (SOD) activity of SOD and cell membrane integrity). The removal efficiency of acute toxicity of municipal wastewater treatment plants with different treatment technologies (SBR,Linpor and activated sludge process) and the sensitivity of four indexes of Scenedula obliquus to wastewater / sewage were compared. Firstly, the toxic effect of wastewater from various industries on Scenedula obliquus and the removal effect of wastewater toxicity by treatment process were investigated. The relationship between toxicity and physical and chemical indexes of wastewater was investigated, and the sensitivity of four indexes of Scenedula obliquus to industrial wastewater was compared. The results show that the toxicity of each treatment process to industrial wastewater is obviously reduced, but the effluent has toxic effect on one or more indexes of algae. NH3-N may be the main source of toxicity of industrial wastewater. The sensitivity order of four indexes to industrial wastewater was SOD active chlorophyll a synthetic cell density cell membrane integrity. Secondly, the removal efficiency of sewage toxicity by different treatment technologies of municipal wastewater treatment plant was investigated. The relationship between toxicity and physical and chemical indexes of municipal sewage was explored, and the sensitivity of four indexes of Scenedula obliquus to municipal sewage was compared. The results showed that the three treatment processes could completely remove the promoting effect of sewage on chlorophyll a synthesis of algae, and only the activated sludge process could completely remove the promoting effect of sewage on the growth of algae cells. Both SBR and activated sludge process can successfully remove the damage of sewage to algae cell membrane, and SBR and activated sludge process can partly remove the promoting effect of sewage on SOD activity of algae. However, Linpor system could not significantly reduce the promoting effect of sewage on algae SOD. NAC1O disinfection significantly enhanced the toxicity of sewage. The promoting effect of sewage on chlorophyll a synthesis of Scenedesmus obliquus was positively correlated with the concentration of TOC and TP. The sensitivity order of four indexes to municipal sewage was SOD active chlorophyll a synthetic cell density cell membrane integrity. To sum up, industrial wastewater and municipal sewage drainage have acute toxic effects on Scenedesmus obliquus. There is a certain correlation between the toxicity of wastewater and its physical and chemical indexes, but one or more physical and chemical indexes can not predict the toxic effect of wastewater. The SOD activity and chlorophyll a synthesis of Scenedulina obliquus are more sensitive than cell growth, and can be used as an index to evaluate the toxicity of wastewater. This study is helpful to understand the acute toxicity of industrial wastewater and municipal sewage and the removal effect of current wastewater / sewage treatment technology.
【学位授予单位】:大连理工大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2015
【分类号】:X703;X171.5
本文编号:2484879
[Abstract]:In this paper, the toxicity of seven kinds of industrial wastewater (papermaking wastewater, printing and dyeing wastewater, pharmaceutical wastewater, pigment wastewater, refinery wastewater, acrylic wastewater and coking wastewater) and municipal wastewater were studied with microalgae and (Scenedesmus obliquus) as the tested organisms. The acute toxic effects of wastewater / sewage were characterized by four different test terminals (cell density, chlorophyll a synthesis, (SOD) activity of SOD and cell membrane integrity). The removal efficiency of acute toxicity of municipal wastewater treatment plants with different treatment technologies (SBR,Linpor and activated sludge process) and the sensitivity of four indexes of Scenedula obliquus to wastewater / sewage were compared. Firstly, the toxic effect of wastewater from various industries on Scenedula obliquus and the removal effect of wastewater toxicity by treatment process were investigated. The relationship between toxicity and physical and chemical indexes of wastewater was investigated, and the sensitivity of four indexes of Scenedula obliquus to industrial wastewater was compared. The results show that the toxicity of each treatment process to industrial wastewater is obviously reduced, but the effluent has toxic effect on one or more indexes of algae. NH3-N may be the main source of toxicity of industrial wastewater. The sensitivity order of four indexes to industrial wastewater was SOD active chlorophyll a synthetic cell density cell membrane integrity. Secondly, the removal efficiency of sewage toxicity by different treatment technologies of municipal wastewater treatment plant was investigated. The relationship between toxicity and physical and chemical indexes of municipal sewage was explored, and the sensitivity of four indexes of Scenedula obliquus to municipal sewage was compared. The results showed that the three treatment processes could completely remove the promoting effect of sewage on chlorophyll a synthesis of algae, and only the activated sludge process could completely remove the promoting effect of sewage on the growth of algae cells. Both SBR and activated sludge process can successfully remove the damage of sewage to algae cell membrane, and SBR and activated sludge process can partly remove the promoting effect of sewage on SOD activity of algae. However, Linpor system could not significantly reduce the promoting effect of sewage on algae SOD. NAC1O disinfection significantly enhanced the toxicity of sewage. The promoting effect of sewage on chlorophyll a synthesis of Scenedesmus obliquus was positively correlated with the concentration of TOC and TP. The sensitivity order of four indexes to municipal sewage was SOD active chlorophyll a synthetic cell density cell membrane integrity. To sum up, industrial wastewater and municipal sewage drainage have acute toxic effects on Scenedesmus obliquus. There is a certain correlation between the toxicity of wastewater and its physical and chemical indexes, but one or more physical and chemical indexes can not predict the toxic effect of wastewater. The SOD activity and chlorophyll a synthesis of Scenedulina obliquus are more sensitive than cell growth, and can be used as an index to evaluate the toxicity of wastewater. This study is helpful to understand the acute toxicity of industrial wastewater and municipal sewage and the removal effect of current wastewater / sewage treatment technology.
【学位授予单位】:大连理工大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2015
【分类号】:X703;X171.5
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