大中型水电站开发前后的土地生态环境效应研究
发布时间：2019-06-15 03:54
【摘要】：水电工程是人类重大工程活动,其建设对土地生态环境必定会产生深远的影响,水电产业是云南省支柱产业之一。现阶段,云南省境内六大水系干流上已规划有50座大型水电站,除此之外,正在建设和规划将要建设的中小水电站超过216座。水电站的建设必然伴随着土地生态环境的破坏,为使云南省正在建设或将要建设的大中型水电工程的可持续利用,并为其提供基础理论和实践指导依据,本文以漫湾电站为例,从土地生态学的角度,将土地生态环境看成一个完整的系统,利用1990-2014年间6个时期的TM影像、第一次和第二次全国土地调查数据、土壤普查资料、地质灾害资料以及社会经济数据等,结合ENVI、MAPGIS、 AUTOCAD和ARCGIS软件综合分析漫湾电站建成前后库区及其周边的土地生态环境效应。在本文中土地生态环境效应分析主要从七个方面入手,即研究区LUCC、气候环境变化、生物环境变化、土壤质量变化、水资源变化、地质灾害发生情况以及研究区涉及县域的社会经济变化。最后本文将涉及土地生态环境的因素进行叠加分析,并利用叠加结果将研究进行土地生态稳定性区域划分,将整个研究区划分为土地生态破坏区、土地生态潜在威胁区、土地生态稳定区和土地生态安全区四个类型区域,针对不同类型区域提出不同的保护措施,为研究区土地生态环境的可持续调控提供依据。
[Abstract]:Hydropower project is an important human engineering activity, and its construction is bound to have a profound impact on the land ecological environment. Hydropower industry is one of the pillar industries in Yunnan Province. At present, there are 50 large hydropower stations planned on the six main streams of Yunnan Province. In addition, more than 216 small and medium-sized hydropower stations are under construction and planning. The construction of hydropower station must be accompanied by the destruction of land ecological environment. In order to make the sustainable utilization of large and medium-sized hydropower projects under construction or to be built in Yunnan Province, and to provide it with basic theory and practical guidance, this paper takes Manwan Hydropower Station as an example, regards the land ecological environment as a complete system from the point of view of land ecology, and makes use of the TM images of six periods from 1990 to 2014. The first and second national land survey data, soil survey data, geological hazard data and social and economic data are combined with ENVI,MAPGIS, AUTOCAD and ARCGIS software to comprehensively analyze the ecological and environmental effects of land in and around the reservoir area before and after the completion of Manwan Hydropower Station. In this paper, the analysis of land ecological and environmental effects mainly starts from seven aspects, namely, LUCC, climate and environment change, biological environment change, soil quality change, water resources change, geological disaster occurrence and the social and economic change of county involved in the study area. Finally, this paper analyzes the factors related to the land ecological environment, and divides the whole study area into four types of areas: land ecological destruction area, land ecological potential threat area, land ecological stability area and land ecological security zone by using the superposition results, and puts forward different protection measures for different types of areas. It provides the basis for the sustainable regulation and control of the land ecological environment in the study area.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X826;F426.61
本文编号：2499944
[Abstract]:Hydropower project is an important human engineering activity, and its construction is bound to have a profound impact on the land ecological environment. Hydropower industry is one of the pillar industries in Yunnan Province. At present, there are 50 large hydropower stations planned on the six main streams of Yunnan Province. In addition, more than 216 small and medium-sized hydropower stations are under construction and planning. The construction of hydropower station must be accompanied by the destruction of land ecological environment. In order to make the sustainable utilization of large and medium-sized hydropower projects under construction or to be built in Yunnan Province, and to provide it with basic theory and practical guidance, this paper takes Manwan Hydropower Station as an example, regards the land ecological environment as a complete system from the point of view of land ecology, and makes use of the TM images of six periods from 1990 to 2014. The first and second national land survey data, soil survey data, geological hazard data and social and economic data are combined with ENVI,MAPGIS, AUTOCAD and ARCGIS software to comprehensively analyze the ecological and environmental effects of land in and around the reservoir area before and after the completion of Manwan Hydropower Station. In this paper, the analysis of land ecological and environmental effects mainly starts from seven aspects, namely, LUCC, climate and environment change, biological environment change, soil quality change, water resources change, geological disaster occurrence and the social and economic change of county involved in the study area. Finally, this paper analyzes the factors related to the land ecological environment, and divides the whole study area into four types of areas: land ecological destruction area, land ecological potential threat area, land ecological stability area and land ecological security zone by using the superposition results, and puts forward different protection measures for different types of areas. It provides the basis for the sustainable regulation and control of the land ecological environment in the study area.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X826;F426.61
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