绿色丝绸之路经济带建设与中亚生态环境问题——以咸海治理和塔吉克斯坦为例

发布时间：2019-08-17 13:15

【摘要】：咸海危机是丝绸之路经济带建设在中亚遇到的最为突出的环境问题,而酿成此危机的主导因素起始于20世纪中期对咸海流域耕地资源的粗放式开发。作为咸海主要水源的阿姆河上游几乎全程在塔吉克斯坦境内,塔吉克斯坦水资源的开发利用牵动着整个咸海流域。笔者提出,在“共建丝绸之路经济带”的总体框架下导向性开拓绿色能源,发展小水电和无坝水电站,规模化实施中亚农业现代化,通过高效节水农业,实现“退水归海”,修复生态环境,实现农业生产与咸海治理并举,农业丰收与咸海流域生态环境改观兼得。绿色的生态环境和稳定的社会环境将支持绿色丝绸之路经济带的可持续发展。
[Abstract]:The Aral Sea crisis is the most prominent environmental problem encountered in the construction of the Silk Road Economic Belt in Central Asia, and the leading factor of the crisis began with the extensive development of cultivated land resources in the Aral Sea Basin in the middle of the 20th century. As the main water source of the Aral Sea, the upper reaches of the Amu River is almost entirely in Tajikistan. The development and utilization of water resources in Tajikistan affects the whole Aral Sea basin. The author puts forward that under the overall framework of "jointly building the Silk Road Economic Belt", we should develop green energy, develop small hydropower and dam-free hydropower stations, implement agricultural modernization in Central Asia on a large scale, realize "returning water to the sea" through efficient water-saving agriculture, restore the ecological environment, realize the simultaneous development of agricultural production and the management of the Aral Sea, and achieve both agricultural harvest and ecological environment improvement in the Aral Sea Basin. Green ecological environment and stable social environment will support the sustainable development of green Silk Road economic belt.
【作者单位】：复旦大学国际问题研究院俄罗斯与中亚研究中心;复旦大学能源经济与战略研究中心;国家领土主权与海洋权益协同创新中心;

【相似文献】