动态膜中试实验装置设计、搭建及实验研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 22:14

本文关键词： 动态膜油水乳化液中试装置陶瓷膜　出处：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：含油废水中的乳化油,因其存在形式稳定而较难处理,分离的关键在于乳化油的破乳。当前含乳化油处理手段多种多样,而膜分离法作为一种无相变、低能耗、高效率的油水分离方法正受到越来越多的关注。但是固定膜分离乳化油容易引起膜污染而导致分离性能下降。因此,油水分离膜的亲水改性作为固定膜的一种有效抗污染手段成为近些年来研究的热点。动态膜技术凭借自身低成本、通量大等优势,被较多地应用在固定膜亲水改性研究中。而小试基础上的中试研究是实现技术工业化应用的前提。本课题组在前期实验研究中,制备了多种陶瓷膜基动态膜。通过油水分离性能分析,确定了陶瓷膜基Zr02动态膜为一种油水分离效果较好的动态膜。并运用灰色关联分析等方法优化出该动态膜的最优制备条件和油水分离条件。但同时,动态膜小试实验装置存在油水处理量小等问题。为进一步向工业化迈进,需要进行合理化放大并进行相关实验研究。本文正是在课题组前期研究的基础上,进行了动态膜中试实验装置的设计及搭建工作。装置共设置三套系统,分别是涂膜系统、油水分离系统和清洗系统。三套系统分别独立运行。在完成总体流程设计的基础上,进行了总体管路排布及设备摆放等工作,并对装置中主要组件进行了设计、加工,如七通道动态膜组件等。通过试运行,证明装置密封性能良好,通过调试确定了装置稳定运行的操作条件。在此基础上,分别进行了基膜纯水通量实验、ZrO2动态膜制备实验及动态膜油水分离实验。研究了主要操作条件对渗透通量的影响。基膜纯水通量实验中,着重考察了温度、操作压力、流量对纯水通量的影响；ZrO2动态膜制备实验中,重点考察了操作压力、温度、流量及涂膜液浓度对涂膜过程的影响；动态膜油水分离实验中,考察了涂膜因素(涂膜流量、涂膜压差、涂膜温度、涂膜液浓度)及操作因素(操作压力、油水乳化液pH值)对油水分离效果的影响。本文设计和加工的动态膜实验装置可用于各种形式动态膜组件的使用,装置可以实现动态膜的制备、液体分离、系统清洗等功能。本文工作的开展,将为进一步的动态膜理论及实验研究提供支持。
[Abstract]:Emulsified oil in oily wastewater is difficult to be treated because of its stable form. The key to separation is the demulsification of emulsified oil. More and more attention has been paid to the high efficiency oil-water separation methods. However, the fixed membrane separation of emulsified oil is liable to lead to membrane fouling, which leads to the degradation of separation performance. Hydrophilic modification of oil-water separation membrane, as an effective anti-fouling method, has become a hotspot in recent years. Dynamic membrane technology has the advantages of low cost and large flux. It is widely used in the hydrophilic modification of fixed membrane. The pilot-scale experiment on the basis of small scale experiment is the premise of realizing the industrialization of technology. A variety of ceramic membrane based dynamic membranes were prepared. The Zr02 dynamic membrane based on ceramic membrane was determined to be a kind of dynamic membrane with better oil / water separation effect. The optimum preparation conditions and oil / water separation conditions of the dynamic membrane were optimized by means of grey correlation analysis, but at the same time, the optimum conditions for oil / water separation were obtained. In order to make further progress towards industrialization, it is necessary to carry out reasonable amplification and related experimental research. This paper is based on the previous research of the research group. In this paper, the design and construction of the dynamic membrane pilot-scale experimental device are carried out. There are three sets of systems, one is the coating system, the other is the oil-water separation system and the cleaning system. The three systems run independently. On the basis of the overall process design, the three systems are operated independently. The main components of the device are designed and processed, such as the seven-channel dynamic membrane assembly, etc. Through the trial operation, the sealing performance of the device is proved to be good. The operating conditions for the stable operation of the device are determined by debugging. The preparation experiment of ZrO2 dynamic membrane and the separation experiment of oil and water were carried out respectively. The influence of main operating conditions on permeation flux was studied. In the experiment of pure water flux of base membrane, the temperature and operating pressure were investigated emphatically. Effect of flow rate on pure water flux in the preparation of ZrO _ 2 dynamic membrane, the effects of operating pressure, temperature, flow rate and concentration of film solution on the process of film coating were investigated, and the factors of coating film (film flow rate, flow rate of film) were investigated in the dynamic membrane oil-water separation experiment. The influence of film pressure difference, film temperature, film concentration and operation factors (operating pressure, pH value of oil-water emulsion) on the separation of oil and water. The dynamic membrane experimental device designed and processed in this paper can be used for the use of various kinds of dynamic membrane assemblies. The device can achieve the functions of dynamic membrane preparation, liquid separation, system cleaning and so on. The development of this paper will provide support for the further research of dynamic membrane theory and experiment.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ051.893

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