非均相膜表面可控构建与多重抗污染机制协同强化

发布时间：2018-03-29 05:38

  本文选题：非均相膜表面　切入点：表面偏析　出处：《天津大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：膜表面抗污染性能强化是获得高性能膜材料主要策略之一,而膜表面微结构和抗污染机制是决定膜抗污染性能的两个关键科学问题,本文以表面偏析、表面接枝、仿生矿化为平台技术,建立了超滤膜表面非均相结构可控构建方法,提出了膜表面多重抗污染机制协同强化理论,以期为面向水处理过程抗污染膜材料的设计制备提供创新学术思想。主要研究内容及主要结论概述如下:膜表面非均相结构构建与“污染驱除”机制强化:(i)基于表面偏析现象和原理构建了含亲水链段和低表面能含氟链段的膜表面非均相结构。膜表面含氟链段的强制表面偏析可构建低表面能屏障以降低蛋白质与膜表面的相互作用,强化“污染驱除”机制;(ii)基于表面接枝方法和原理构建了含亲水基团和低表面能全氟基团的膜表面非均相结构。膜表面全氟基团的引入可构建低表面能屏障以降低油滴、蛋白质及多糖与膜表面的相互作用,强化“污染驱除”机制。膜表面非均相结构构建与多重抗污染机制协同强化:(i)基于表面偏析现象和原理构建了含亲水链段和低表面能含硅链段的膜表面非均相结构。膜表面含硅链段的强制表面偏析可构建低表面能屏障以降低生物污染物与膜表面的相互作用,亲水链段的自由表面偏析可构建水化层屏障以阻碍生物污染物与膜表面的直接接触,实现多重抗污染机制协同强化;(ii)基于表面偏析现象和原理提出了配位作用调控的协同表面偏析改性方法,构建了含亲水链段、无机纳米粒子和低表面能含氟链段的膜表面非均相结构。膜表面含氟链段的强制表面偏析可构建低表面能屏障以降低油滴与膜表面的相互作用,亲水链段和无机纳米粒子的协同表面偏析可强化水化层屏障以抵御油滴与膜表面直接接触,实现多重抗污染机制协同强化;(iii)基于生物矿化现象和原理,通过仿生矿化法构建了含亲水性无机纳米粒子和低表面能含氟基团的膜表面非均相结构。膜表面亲水性无机纳米粒子的原位矿化可构建水化层屏障以抵御油滴与膜表面直接接触,含氟基团的引入可构建低表面能屏障以降低油滴与膜表面的相互作用,实现多重抗污染机制协同强化。
[Abstract]:The enhancement of membrane surface antifouling property is one of the main strategies to obtain high performance membrane materials. The microstructure and anti-fouling mechanism of membrane surface are two key scientific problems in determining the membrane anti-fouling performance. In this paper, surface segregation and surface grafting are used to determine the anti-fouling performance of membranes. Biomimetic mineralization is used as platform technology to establish a controllable construction method for heterogeneous structure of ultrafiltration membrane surface. The theory of multi-layer anti-fouling mechanism synergistic strengthening of membrane surface is put forward. In order to provide innovative academic ideas for the design and preparation of antifouling membrane materials for water treatment process, the main research contents and main conclusions are summarized as follows: the construction of heterogeneous phase structure of membrane surface and the mechanism of "decontamination" strengthen the mechanism of "decontamination" based on. Surface segregation phenomenon and principle have been used to construct the heterogeneous structure of membrane surface containing hydrophilic chain and low surface energy fluorine chain segment. The forced surface segregation of fluorine chain segment on membrane surface can construct low surface energy barrier to reduce the interaction between protein and membrane surface. Based on the method and principle of surface grafting, the heterogeneous structure of membrane surface containing hydrophilic group and low surface energy perfluoro group was constructed. The introduction of perfluoro group on membrane surface can construct low surface energy barrier to reduce oil droplet. The interaction of proteins and polysaccharides with the surface of the membrane, Strengthening the mechanism of "decontamination". Construction of heterogeneous structure of membrane surface and synergistic strengthening of multilayer anti-fouling mechanism: based on surface segregation phenomenon and principle, the heterogeneous junction of membrane surface containing hydrophilic chain and low surface energy silicon-containing chain was constructed. The forced surface segregation of silicon-containing segments on the membrane surface can construct low surface energy barriers to reduce the interaction between biological pollutants and the membrane surface. The free surface segregation of hydrophilic chain can construct hydration layer barrier to prevent the direct contact between biological pollutants and membrane surface. Based on the phenomenon and principle of surface segregation, the coordinated surface segregation modification method for coordination regulation was proposed, and the hydrophilic chain segment was constructed. Inorganic nanoparticles and the heterogeneous structure of the membrane surface with low surface energy containing fluorine chain segment. The forced surface segregation of the fluorine chain segment on the membrane surface can construct a low surface energy barrier to reduce the interaction between oil droplets and the membrane surface. The synergistic surface segregation of hydrophilic chain and inorganic nanoparticles can strengthen the hydration layer barrier to resist the direct contact between oil droplets and the membrane surface. The heterogeneous structure of membrane surface containing hydrophilic inorganic nanoparticles and low surface energy fluorine groups was constructed by biomimetic mineralization method. In situ mineralization of hydrophilic inorganic nanoparticles on membrane surface can construct hydration layer barrier to resist oil droplets. Direct contact with the surface of the membrane, The introduction of fluorine groups can construct low surface energy barrier to reduce the interaction between oil droplets and membrane surface and realize the synergistic strengthening of multiple antifouling mechanisms.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ051.893
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本文编号：1679819