基于键合图理论数控车床能耗模型的建立及分析

发布时间：2018-01-30 10:03

  本文关键词： 机床能耗 键合图 20-Sim　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国作为制造业大国,制造业对资源、能源的消耗巨大,机床作为制造业中的工作母机,同时我国机床设备保有量居世界第一位,由于机床能量利用率低,消耗大量的资源,因此,通过对机床进行节能设计,降低能源资源的消耗,对绿色制造的发展具有促进作用。本文将机床能耗作为研究点,以机床键合图模型为基础,分析机床各部件的能耗,揭示机床加工过程能量流动的变化规律,具体工作如下:本文对键合图理论进行概述,依据数控机床基本组成、工作原理以及能量源特性,分析机床能量流动轨迹,建立能量路线图;数控机床作为多种能量耦合的工程系统,难以用统一的模型建立其动态分析,依据键合图理论,分析数控机床动态响应及其能量消耗。按照数控机床的三大系统,依据键合图理论,建立系统各部件的键合图模型,再建立主传动系统、进给系统、液压系统以及整个机床的键合图模型;以CAK50315数控车床为例,通过简化键合图模型,理论分析与实验结合的方式确定各模型中的参数。基于20-Sim软件仿真平台,对机床键合图模型进行仿真分析,分析主传动系统在不同转速空载运行时,主轴电机输出转矩响应与转速响应曲线,通过功率、转速与转矩的关系得到主传动系统的空载功率消耗。分析进给系统分别在50%与100%快速进给过程中伺服电机输出转矩与转速响应曲线以及工作台速度响应曲线,得到进给系统空载功率损耗。分析液压系统中液压泵输出压力、有杆腔与无杆腔压力响应曲线以及尾座速度响应曲线,得到液压系统功率消耗。通过实验研究机床的能耗特性,得到机床各系统空载功率消耗;输入不同负载,仿真得到各系统的功率消耗,预测阶梯轴加工过程中的功率消耗,并与实验对比,误差小于15%,证明模型的有效性。
[Abstract]:As a large manufacturing country, the manufacturing industry consumes a great deal of resources and energy, and machine tool is the working mother machine in the manufacturing industry. At the same time, the quantity of machine tool equipment in our country ranks first in the world, because of the low utilization rate of machine tool energy. Therefore, through energy-saving design of machine tools, reducing the consumption of energy resources, to promote the development of green manufacturing. This paper takes the energy consumption of machine tools as the research point. Based on the model of machine tool bond graph, the energy consumption of each part of machine tool is analyzed, and the law of energy flow in machine tool machining process is revealed. The specific work is as follows: this paper summarizes bond graph theory. According to the basic composition, working principle and energy source characteristic of NC machine tool, the energy flow track of machine tool is analyzed, and the energy roadmap is established. As a multi-energy coupled engineering system, numerical control machine tool is difficult to establish its dynamic analysis with a unified model, which is based on bond graph theory. The dynamic response and energy consumption of CNC machine tools are analyzed. According to the three systems of CNC machine tools, according to the bond graph theory, the bond graph model of each part of the system is established, and then the main transmission system and feed system are established. Hydraulic system and the whole machine tool bond graph model; Taking CAK50315 numerical control lathe as an example, the parameters of each model are determined by simplifying bond graph model, theoretical analysis and experiment. The simulation platform is based on 20-Sim software. The model of machine tool bond graph is simulated and analyzed. When the main drive system is running at different speed, the output torque response and the speed response curve of the spindle motor are analyzed through the power. No load power consumption of main drive system is obtained by the relation between rotational speed and torque. The output torque and speed response curve of servo motor and the speed response of worktable are analyzed in 50% and 100% fast feed process of feed system. Due curve. The output pressure of hydraulic pump in hydraulic system, the pressure response curve of rod cavity and non-rod cavity and the velocity response curve of tail seat are analyzed. The power consumption of hydraulic system is obtained. The energy consumption characteristics of machine tool are studied experimentally and the no-load power consumption of machine tool system is obtained. When different loads are input, the power consumption of each system is obtained by simulation, and the power consumption in the machining process of step shaft is predicted. Compared with the experiment, the error is less than 15, which proves the validity of the model.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG519.1
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本文编号：1475968