某型号卧式加工中心模态分析及优化设计

发布时间：2018-05-14 21:49

本文选题：动态性能 + 模态分析　；参考：《大连理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国汽车行业的迅猛发展,促使了对汽车零部件加工制造能力需求的大幅提升。激烈的市场竞争要求制造业向着高精、高速、高效的方向发展。机床作为生产制造环节的“工业母机”,在其中起到了举足轻重的作用。目前,我国的机床行业产品种类已十分齐全,但由于关键技术的缺失、新技术应用相对滞后等原因,高端产品市场仍被外国企业占领。因此,紧抓工业4.0浪潮,开发出性能优良的机床产品显得尤为重要。机床的性能与其动态特性是分不开的,将动态特性分析融入新型机床的开发过程,取代传统的静态设计是机床设计及优化的必然趋势。本文依托辽宁省科技重大专项,针对某新型精密卧式加工中心的动态特性展开研究,以期提高机床的加工性能。首先在对模态测试原理进行介绍的基础之上,通过试验模态分析法获取了加工中心的的固有频率,模态振型和阻尼比。然后基于吉村允孝法对仿真模型的床身立柱结合面进行处理,通过仿真模态分析与试验模态测试结果的对比,验证了仿真模型的准确性。接着进一步利用该仿真模型进行整机谐响应分析,结合模态分析与谐响应分析结果,确定了机床结构的两处薄弱环节：机床框架结构与地基约束,指出了动态性能的优化方向。在机床优化设计阶段,以提高动态特性为目标,以参数化设计为手段,应用灵敏度分析法与响应面优化法,求取了框架结构五个参数的最优组合；应用正交试验法,获取了机床压板的最优安装位置,且得到增大压板与床身结合面刚度值有利于提高整机动态性能的结论。经过整机综合优化,最终使机床整机固有频率平均提高了34.5%,最高谐响应峰值下降25.3%,优化结果可为加工中心的升级改造提供一定的参考意见。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the rapid development of automobile industry in China has promoted the demand for the processing and manufacturing capacity of automobile parts. The fierce market competition requires the manufacturing industry to develop in the direction of high precision, high speed and high efficiency. Machine tool as the manufacturing link of the "industrial mother machine", in which played a pivotal role. At present, the machine tool industry in China has a complete range of products, but due to the lack of key technology, the application of new technology is lagging behind, the high-end product market is still occupied by foreign enterprises. Therefore, it is particularly important to grasp the trend of industry 4.0 and develop machine tools with excellent performance. The performance of machine tool is inseparable from its dynamic characteristics. It is an inevitable trend of machine tool design and optimization to integrate dynamic characteristic analysis into the development process of new machine tool and replace the traditional static design. In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of a new type of precision horizontal machining center are studied in order to improve the machining performance of machine tools. On the basis of introducing the principle of modal testing, the natural frequency, modal mode and damping ratio of machining center are obtained by means of experimental modal analysis. Then based on the method of Yoshimura Yunxiao, the simulation model is processed, and the accuracy of the simulation model is verified by comparing the simulation modal analysis with the experimental modal test results. Then the simulation model is used to analyze the harmonic response of the whole machine. Combined with the results of modal analysis and harmonic response analysis, two weak links of the machine tool structure are determined: the frame structure of the machine tool and the constraints of the foundation, and the optimization direction of the dynamic performance is pointed out. In the stage of machine tool optimization design, the optimal combination of five parameters of frame structure is obtained by means of sensitivity analysis and response surface optimization with the aim of improving dynamic characteristics and parameterized design, and the orthogonal test method is used. The optimal installation position of the press plate is obtained, and it is concluded that increasing the stiffness of the joint plane between the plate and the bed is conducive to the improvement of the dynamic performance of the whole machine. Through the comprehensive optimization of the whole machine, the natural frequency of the machine tool is increased by 34.5g on average, and the peak value of the highest harmonic response is reduced by 25.3. the optimized result can provide some reference for the upgrading and transformation of the machining center.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TG659

【相似文献】