基于ZIGBEE的机床无线感知系统的研究与应用

发布时间：2018-08-22 17:17

【摘要】：数控机床状态数据是车间信息化的基础,随着制造业自动化的不断发展,生产现场各种信息的采集、传输、分析和应用变得越来越重要。国内的数控系统大多依靠进口,缺少成熟的信息管理系统,生产信息记录困难,这些问题极大的影响了企业的生产效率。本文在天津某汽车模具有限公司的实际需求上,把数控机床状态数据的采集和传输当作研究对象,提出了基于ZigBee的机床无线感知系统。本文首先分析了数控机床数据采集和无线通信技术的国内外研究现状,提出了目前机床数据采集中存在的问题,并阐述本课题的研究目的和意义,对本文的结构以及主要内容进行了说明。本文针对不同的数据机床数据使用了不同采集方法,提出了系统的整体结构。应用基于宏命令和外接传感器相结合的数据采集方法,完成各采集模块的软硬件设计,并对数据的处理方法和传输方法进行了研究。并且在对主轴温度的采集方面,提出了温度传感器的最佳布置方案,能够满足采集到的数据准确的反应出主轴的热变形量,为减小加工误差提供了条件。通过串口通讯技术和宏命令采集技术,实现了对主轴转速、机床开关机时间、机床加工程序、零件加工开始和结束时间等数据的采集。本文还对以ZigBee通讯协议为基础的无线传感网络进行了组网测试和研究,设计了上位机管理系统,实现了数控机床状态信息系统的人机交互。研究结果表明,本文所研究的机床无线感知系统能够实时准确地感知到多台数控机床的运行状态,方便了数控车间的信息化管理,并且扩展性好,有一定的研究价值。
[Abstract]:The status data of NC machine tools is the basis of workshop information. With the development of manufacturing automation, the collection, transmission, analysis and application of all kinds of information in production site become more and more important. Most of the domestic CNC systems rely on imports, lack of mature information management system, production information recording difficulties, these problems greatly affect the production efficiency of enterprises. In this paper, the acquisition and transmission of NC machine tool status data is regarded as the object of study on the actual demand of a certain automobile mould company in Tianjin, and a wireless sensing system of machine tool based on ZigBee is proposed. This paper first analyzes the domestic and international research status of data acquisition and wireless communication technology of CNC machine tools, puts forward the problems existing in the data acquisition of CNC machine tools, and expounds the purpose and significance of this research. The structure and main contents of this paper are explained. In this paper, different data acquisition methods are used for different data machine tools, and the overall structure of the system is proposed. The data acquisition method based on macro command and external sensor is applied to complete the software and hardware design of each acquisition module, and the method of data processing and transmission is studied. In the aspect of collecting the spindle temperature, the optimal arrangement of the temperature sensor is put forward, which can meet the need of the collected data to accurately reflect the thermal deformation of the spindle, which provides the condition for reducing the machining error. By means of serial communication technology and macro command acquisition technology, the data collection of spindle speed, machine tool switch machine time, machine tool processing program, part processing start and end time and so on are realized. The wireless sensor network based on ZigBee communication protocol is also tested and studied in this paper. The upper computer management system is designed and the man-machine interaction of the CNC machine tool status information system is realized. The research results show that the wireless sensing system of the machine tool studied in this paper can accurately perceive the running state of several CNC machine tools in real time and accurately, facilitate the information management of the NC workshop, and have good expansibility and certain research value.
【学位授予单位】：天津工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG659

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