磨粒有序化排布砂轮磨削难加工材料的温度场研究

发布时间：2018-12-20 11:20

【摘要】：磨削作为一种应用广泛的机械制造加工工艺,在现代机械制造行业中扮演着越来越重要的角色,业已成为最重要的精密及超精密加工方式之一,在新材料加工、军工以及航空航天等领域的作用尤为突出。然而,传统砂轮的磨料往往呈现一种无序的随机排布状态,这使得真正参与材料去除的有效磨刃只占磨料总量的-小部分,大量冗余的磨料不但无法起到磨削作用,反而会造成砂轮表面容屑空间减小,磨屑无法及时排出,使砂轮堵塞,不利于磨削液的流动,最终导致磨削区的急剧温升以及磨削烧伤,使磨削工件表面质量和砂轮使用寿命的下降。因此,如何通过砂轮表面磨料进行有序化排布,优化砂轮容屑空间,使砂轮在磨削过程中参与材料去除的磨粒数显著增多,最终提高砂轮的磨削性能,降低磨削温度成为了磨削领域的研究重点。本文首先将有序化排布理论应用到新型砂轮的设计制造中来,实现了砂轮表面磨料的有序化排布。并将有序化排布理论与磨削原理相结合,通过选用适当的热源及热分配模型等手段建立了磨料有序化排布砂轮缓进给磨削温度场的数学模型。其次,本文通过仿真计算软件MATLAB对磨料有序化排布砂轮缓进给磨削温度场模型进行了仿真计算。对磨粒叶序排布、错位排布、矩阵排布以及无序排布砂轮缓进给磨削表面温度变化情况进行了分析,对工件表面以下不同深度处的磨削温度进行了仿真研究,分析了磨削深度ap对缓进给磨削温度场的影响情况。结果表明:在相同条件下,磨料叶序排布砂轮缓进给磨削温度低于其余三种排布形式砂轮;随着磨削深度的增大,缓进给磨削表面最高温度有降低的趋势。最后,对磨料有序化排布砂轮磨削难加工材料温度进行了实验研究。通过对实验方案的总体设计以及测温方式的选择,测量了磨料有序化排布砂轮磨削工件表面最高温度以及表面以下不同深度处的温度,分析了砂轮的磨削性能。通过改变磨削参数,研究了各个磨削参数对磨削温度的影响情况。实验结果表明:通过砂轮磨料的有序化排布能显著降低磨削温度,提高磨削性能。
[Abstract]:Grinding, as a widely used machining technology, plays a more and more important role in the modern mechanical manufacturing industry. It has become one of the most important precision and ultra-precision machining methods, and has been used in the processing of new materials. The role of military industry and aerospace and other fields is particularly prominent. However, the abrasive of the traditional grinding wheel often presents a random arrangement state, which makes the effective grinding edge that really participate in the material removal accounts for only a small part of the total abrasive, and a large number of redundant abrasives can not play a role in grinding. On the contrary, it will reduce the space of the grinding wheel surface, and the debris will not be discharged in time, and the grinding wheel will be blocked, which will be unfavorable to the flow of grinding fluid, which will eventually lead to the sharp temperature rise in the grinding area and the grinding burn. The surface quality of grinding workpiece and the service life of grinding wheel are reduced. Therefore, how to arrange the grinding wheel surface abrasive in an orderly way, optimize the space of the grinding wheel, increase the number of abrasive particles that participate in the material removal in the grinding process, and finally improve the grinding performance of the grinding wheel. Reducing grinding temperature has become the focus of research in grinding field. In this paper, the ordered layout theory is first applied to the design and manufacture of the new grinding wheel, and the ordered arrangement of abrasive material on the surface of the grinding wheel is realized. By combining the theory of ordered distribution with the principle of grinding, the mathematical model of grinding temperature field of grinding wheel is established by selecting proper heat source and heat distribution model. Secondly, this paper simulates the temperature field model of the grinding wheel with slow feed through the simulation calculation software MATLAB. The temperature variation of grinding surface of abrasive blade sequence arrangement, dislocation arrangement, matrix arrangement and disordered arrangement grinding wheel is analyzed, and the grinding temperature at different depth below the surface of workpiece is studied by simulation. The influence of grinding depth ap on the temperature field of slow feed grinding is analyzed. The results show that, under the same conditions, the grinding temperature of the grinding wheel is lower than that of the other three kinds of grinding wheels, and the maximum temperature of the grinding surface decreases with the increase of grinding depth. Finally, the temperature of grinding refractory materials with ordered abrasive arrangement wheel is studied experimentally. Through the overall design of the experimental scheme and the selection of the temperature measurement method, the surface maximum temperature of the grinding workpiece and the temperature below the different depths of the grinding workpiece are measured, and the grinding performance of the grinding wheel is analyzed. The influence of grinding parameters on grinding temperature is studied by changing grinding parameters. The experimental results show that the grinding temperature can be significantly reduced and the grinding performance can be improved by the ordering arrangement of grinding wheel abrasive.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG580.6

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