冰雪路面城市快速路跟驰模型研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 17:21

本文关键词：冰雪路面城市快速路跟驰模型研究　出处：《哈尔滨工业大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着社会发展，城市交通拥堵、交通安全等问题对人们正常生活的影响越发严重。冬季，特别是我国北方地区，受冰雪影响交通问题尤为突出。对交通流基本理论进行研究，挖掘内部潜在规律是进行交通管理与控制，缓解交通问题的理论基础。跟驰模型作为交通流基本理论重要分支，研究冰雪路面下跟驰模型具有极为重要现实意义和使用价值。本文首先根据路面形态对冬季城市道路进行分类，结合城市快速路实际情况，对两种常见的冰雪路面组织交通调查。根据调查结果对不同冰雪路面城市快速路交通流的自由流速度、平均速度、速度分布，相邻跟驰车辆的车头时距、车头时距与相对速度的相互关系、驾驶员反应等微观特性进行统计分析，定量的研究不同冰雪路面形态对城市快速路跟驰行为的影响。其次，对不同类型的优化速度函数特征进行对比分析，依据Greenshields速度-密度关系建立期望车速模型，依据车辆不同跟驰状态建立冰雪路面最小安全距离模型，并由此构建冰雪路面优化速度模型。基于现有跟驰理论研究成果，以线性跟驰模型建模思想对全速度差模型进行改造，结合冰雪路面优化速度模型构建适用于冰雪路面的新跟驰模型。最后，利用实测数据对模型参数进行标定，并通过设计实验分析模型的稳定性、加速度非对称性。同时，利用调查数据对新模型和全速度差模型进行模拟分析，结果证明该模型更贴近冰雪路面城市快速路实际交通流，，可以为冰雪路面下交通管理措施的制定提供理论支持。
[Abstract]:With the development of society, city traffic congestion, traffic safety and other issues affecting the normal life of people is more and more serious. In winter, especially in the north area of our country, the traffic problem is particularly prominent. Affected by the snow on the traffic flow theory research, mining internal potential law is the theoretical basis of traffic management and control, to mitigate traffic problems following model of traffic flow. As the basic theory is an important branch of research, under the ice road following model has extremely important practical significance and practical value.
According to the morphological classification of pavement in winter city road, combined with the actual situation of the city expressway, on two kinds of ice road traffic organization investigation. The flow speed of different ice road traffic flow free city expressway according to the survey results of mean velocity, velocity distribution, adjacent followingvehicle headway headway with the relative speed of the relationship between the statistical analysis of the microscopic characteristics of driver's reaction, the quantitative study of different ice forms on the city expressway pavement following behavior influence.
Secondly, the comparative analysis of the optimal velocity function characteristics of different types of Greenshields, according to the relationship between speed and density to establish the desired speed according to the vehicle model, establish different ice road minimum safety distance model following status, and thus build ice road speed optimization model. The following theory research results based on the following model in linear modeling the full velocity difference model transformation, combined with the optimal velocity model applicable to the construction of snow ice road's new car following model.
Finally, the model parameters were calibrated using the measured data, and the design of experimental analysis of the stability of the model, the acceleration of non symmetry. At the same time, simulation analysis of the new model and the full velocity difference model based on the survey data, the results show that the model is more close to the ice road city expressway traffic flow, can provide theoretical support for the development of traffic management measures under the ice road.

【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：U491.255

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