夏热冬寒地区纳米改性沥青研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 07:34

本文关键词：夏热冬寒地区纳米改性沥青研究　出处：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：延志吴高速公路地处于延安市，所经地区为夏热冬寒地带，年平均温度9.7℃，极端最高气温39.7℃，极端最低气温-28.5℃，非常容易使路面产生车辙与开裂病害，对于沥青混合料的高温和低温性能均提出了很高的要求。传统的沥青材料很难同时满足抵抗车辙和开裂的性能，尤其是对于夏热冬寒地区更为突出。因此，本文采用纳米材料/聚合物复合改性沥青来同时提高沥青高温抵抗车辙，低温抵抗缩裂的能力，使之适用于高、低温环境下的路面地区，具有非常重要的实际意义。首先，本文初选纳米A、纳米B、纳米C、纳米D、纳米E五种纳米材料，采用适宜的活化剂对其表面进行活化改性，通过亲油化度试验及红外光谱研究活化剂对不同无机纳米粒子材料表面活化改善效果的影响。亲油化度测试纳米粒子表面修饰前后的结果表明，每种纳米粒子表面的亲油化度程度都得到提高；红外光谱分析表明，活化剂已通过化学键接到了无机纳米粒子的表面，，证明活化剂对纳米材料表面改性是有效可行的。其次，采用搅拌+高速剪切的方法分别制备纳米改性沥青与聚合物改性沥青，通过常规指标对纳米材料及聚合物进行比选，筛选出性能较优的改性剂。以同样的制备工艺，采用三因素正交试验及两因素互补试验方案制备纳米/聚合物复合改性沥青，分别用极差分析法和对比法筛选出两种方案的各种改性剂最佳组合。对每种组合采用性能、造价综合对比分析，比选出最佳的纳米复合改性沥青，有3%A+0.5%C+3.7%SBS、5%B+1%C+3%SBR、3%A+4%SBR、5%B+4%SBR、5%A+4.2%SBS。然后，对比选出的纳米复合改性沥青进行老化性能、DSR、BBR、离析试验研究。在老化性能试验中，采用质量损失、针入度比、延度对纳米复合改性沥青的抗老化性能进行评价。DSR试验通过复变剪切模量G*、相位角δ和车辙因子G*/sinδ评价纳米复合改性沥青的高温性能； BBR试验采用弯曲蠕变劲度模量S和蠕变曲线的斜率m两个参数来评价纳米复合改性沥青低温抗裂性能。从而终选出适合夏热冬寒地区的三种纳米复合改性沥青，为3%A+0.5%C+3.7%SBS、5%B+4%SBR、5%A+4.2%SBS，研究表明无论抗老化性能还是高、低温性能都得到了显著提高。同时对终选的纳米复合改性沥青进行离析试验分析，表明经过表面活化的纳米材料的加入可以明显改善复合改性沥青的相容性。最后，通过扫描电镜和荧光显微镜直接观测终选的纳米复合改性沥青中纳米和聚合物改性材料在沥青中的分布状态以及与沥青两者间的界面结合情况，用红外光谱仪分析纳米复合改性沥青微观改性机理。同时研究纳米材料和聚合物加入到基质沥青中的相互作用机理，进而来探讨纳米材料/聚合物复合改性沥青的技术性能，以期望达到良好的改性效果，促进纳米材料改性沥青的发展与应用。
[Abstract]:Yan Zhi Wu highway in Yanan City, the area of hot summer and cold winter zone, the annual average temperature of 9.7 degrees Celsius, the extreme maximum temperature of 39.7 degrees, the extreme minimum temperature -28.5, very easy to produce rutting and cracking of pavement, the asphalt mixture at high temperature and low temperature performance requires a high pitch. The traditional material is difficult to meet the performance of resistance to rutting and cracking, especially in hot summer and cold winter area is more prominent. Therefore, this paper adopts nano material / polymer composite modified asphalt to improve asphalt high temperature resistance rutting, low temperature crack resistance ability, so as to be suitable for the high surface area under low temperature environment and it has very important practical significance.
First, the primary nano A, nano B, nano C, nano D, nano E five nano materials, using appropriate activating agent on the surface of the activated modification by Pro on the degree of oil test and the IR activation effect on the activation effect of different inorganic nanoparticles surface materials. The degree of oil before and after Pro the test results show that the nanoparticles surface modified nanoparticles, each lipophilic degree has been improved; infrared spectral analysis showed that the activator has by chemical bonding to the surface of inorganic nanoparticles, proof of activating agent on the surface modification of nano materials is feasible and effective.
Secondly, respectively preparing nanometer modified asphalt and polymer modified asphalt with high shear mixing method + by conventional, index of nano materials and polymer were compared and screened modifier with better performance. In the preparation process of the same, complementary test scheme for preparing nano / polymer composite modified asphalt used the three orthogonal factors and two factors were selected two kinds of modifier, the best combination scheme by range analysis method and comparison method. The performance of each combination, comprehensive comparison and analysis of cost, select the best ratio of nano composite modified asphalt, 3%A+0.5%C+3.7%SBS, 5%B+1%C+3%SBR, 3%A+4%SBR, 5%B+4%SBR, 5%A+4.2%SBS.
Then, selected nano composite modified asphalt aging performance, DSR, BBR, experimental study on segregation. In aging performance test, the mass loss, penetration ratio, extension evaluation.DSR test using complex shear modulus G* anti ageing properties of nano composite modified asphalt, phase angle and rutting factor G*/sin delta evaluation of nano composite modified asphalt high temperature performance; BBR test using the bending creep stiffness modulus S and the creep curve slope of the m two parameters to evaluate the low temperature performance of nano composite modified asphalt. Thus eventually selected for the three kinds of nano composite modified asphalt, hot summer and cold winter areas of 3%A+0.5%C+3.7%SBS, 5%B+4%SBR. 5%A+4.2%SBS research shows that both anti aging or high performance, low temperature performance has been significantly improved. At the same time, the final selection of the nano composite modified asphalt segregation test analysis showed that after surface activation The compatibility of composite modified bitumen can be obviously improved by the addition of nanomaterials.
Finally, direct observation of the final selection of nanocomposite distribution in modified asphalt and polymer modified nano materials in asphalt and asphalt combined with the interface by scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy, the micro nano composite modified asphalt modification mechanism is analyzed by IR spectrometer. At the same time the research of nano materials and polymer is added to each other the mechanism of the modified asphalt, and then discusses the technical performance of nano material / polymer composite modified asphalt, in order to get good modification effect, promote the development and application of nanometer modified asphalt.

【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U414

【参考文献】