重庆内河危险化学品运输企业的运输安全风险管理研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 08:14

本文关键词： 危险化学品内河运输风险管理风险评估数据包络分析法　出处：《重庆交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：危险化学品（简称危化品）因具有毒害和易腐、爆炸、燃烧、助燃等特性，在运输过程中易发生爆炸、燃烧、泄漏等危险事故。事故一旦发生，将对运输沿线的社会经济及自然环境造成极大危害。水路运输因运量大、成本低、能耗少等特点，已成为危化品运输的主要方式之一。水路危化品运输风险事故的发生，将会造成严重的人员伤亡和财产损失，并且破坏水源及沿岸环境。化工产业是重庆的支柱产业之一，重庆区域内的危化品基本依靠长江内河运输完成，且危化品运量正在逐年增长。因此，重庆内河危化品运输安全是非常值得研究的问题。本文首先对危化品、危化品运输及危化品风险管理理论进行简要阐述，并对国内外关于危化品运输风险的相关文献进行理论综述。结果发现，对于危化品水路运输的研究相对较少，尤其缺乏对危化品运输企业的研究。作为承载危化品运输的关键一方，危化品运输企业的运营、管理及运输操作都直接或间接影响着危化品运输的安全。其次，文中基于对重庆内河危化品运输企业的实地调查和数据搜集，分析了当前重庆内河危化品运输及运输企业的现状。针对内河运输主要环节，分析总结了内河危化品运输的主要风险事故类型。在此基础上，，采用统计分析方法，分析影响重庆内河危化品运输安全的风险因素，建立风险因素图。再次，比较了危化品运输风险评估的主要方法，并结合重庆内河危化品运输的特点，从人员、设备、企业管理、外在环境及货源等五个方面建立了输入输出评价指标体系，并建立数据包络评价模型。最后，根据对重庆危化品运输企业的实地调查，选择内河危化品运输行业中占主要运量的三家运输企业，对其危化品运输管理进行了风险评估，发现存在的问题，并提出有针对性的措施建议。
[Abstract]:Because of its toxic and perishable, explosive, combustion and combustion-supporting characteristics, dangerous chemicals (for short dangerous chemicals) are prone to explosion, combustion, leakage and other dangerous accidents in the course of transportation. Once an accident occurs. It will do great harm to the social economy and natural environment along the transportation line. The waterway transportation is characterized by large volume, low cost and less energy consumption. It has become one of the main ways to transport dangerous chemicals. The occurrence of dangerous chemical transport accidents will cause serious casualties and property losses. The chemical industry is one of the pillar industries in Chongqing. The dangerous chemicals in Chongqing area basically rely on the Yangtze River inland transportation, and the volume of dangerous chemicals is increasing year by year. Transportation safety of dangerous chemicals in inland rivers in Chongqing is a problem worth studying. In this paper, the theory of dangerous chemicals, dangerous chemicals transportation and risk management of dangerous chemicals are briefly described, and the related literatures on transport risk of dangerous chemicals are summarized theoretically. The results are found. The research of dangerous chemicals transportation by water is relatively few, especially the research of dangerous chemicals transport enterprises. As the key party to carry dangerous chemicals transport, dangerous chemicals transport enterprises operate. Management and transportation operations directly or indirectly affect the transport safety of dangerous chemicals. Secondly, based on the field investigation and data collection of Chongqing inland dangerous chemicals transport enterprises. This paper analyzes the current situation of inland river dangerous chemicals transportation and transportation enterprises in Chongqing. Aiming at the main links of inland river transportation, the main risk accident types of inland river dangerous chemicals transportation are analyzed and summarized. On the basis of this, the main risk and accident types of inland river dangerous chemicals transportation are analyzed and summarized. Using the statistical analysis method, this paper analyzes the risk factors that affect the transport safety of dangerous chemicals in Chongqing, and establishes the risk factor map. Thirdly, the main methods of risk assessment of dangerous chemicals transport are compared. Combined with the characteristics of transport of dangerous chemicals in Chongqing inland river, this paper establishes the evaluation index system of input and output from five aspects: personnel, equipment, enterprise management, external environment and source of goods, and establishes the evaluation model of data envelopment. According to the field investigation of dangerous chemicals transportation enterprises in Chongqing, three transport enterprises which account for the main transportation volume in the inland river dangerous chemicals transport industry are selected, and the risk assessment of their dangerous chemicals transport management is carried out, and the existing problems are found. And put forward targeted measures and suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U695.292

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