危险有害物品运输网络优化设计研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 08:53

本文关键词： 危险有害物品运输网络设计鲁棒优化计算复杂度启发式算法　出处：《北京化工大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：危险有害物品具有容易燃烧、易爆炸、易腐蚀等特性。危险有害物品生产及运输对国民经济发展扮演着重要角色。虽然危险有害物品运输事故发生概率很低,但我国危险有害物品道路运输量大,监管力度不够等原因造成我国危险有害物品道路运输事故频繁发生,后果极其严重,引起社会和国家的高度重视。由于危险有害物品独有的易燃、易爆等危害特性,一旦发生事故,它不仅对沿线周围居民生命和财产安全造成极大的损害,还有可能对危险事故周围环境和生态造成一定程度的破坏。因此用科学的手段管理和控制危险品道路运输变得尤为重要,此问题不仅关系到对路线周围人口及环境影响风险,也关系到运输企业危险有害物品运输成本,其中核心内容之一是运输网络优化设计问题。本文运用鲁棒优化的思想研究危险有害物品运输网络设计问题,其中有两个主体,政府监管部门和危险有害物品运输企业。政府监管部门主要考虑整个危险有害物品运输网络的总风险,而危险有害物品运输企业主要考虑运输成本。政府监管部门通过封闭有些路段来设计危险有害物品运输网络,运输企业则在这一给定的运输网络上选择其运输路线。主要研究工作如下： 1、本文运用鲁棒优化的思想研究危险有害物品运输网络优化设计问题,针对危险有害物品运输网络设计问题复杂度,本文证明了不存在任何多项式时间的近似算法(无论它的近似参数值多少)和FPT算法,除非P=NP。 2、针对危险有害物品运输网络优化设计问题中路段风险的不确定性,本文采用鲁棒优化方法处理危险有害物品路段风险权重的区间型数据,建立针对问题的鲁棒双层规划模型,并给出了鲁棒模型求解启发式算法。最后用实例检验模型和算法的有效性和合理性。 3、根据决策者对整体运输网络设计的损益预期,将风险、费用调谐因子a和网络公平性指标λ引入运输网络的优化设计。建立了具有平衡性与公平性约束的危险有害物品运输网络双层优化设计模型,并给出了模型求解的计算方法。 4、结合以上工作的基础上对危险有害物品运输网络优化设计问题进行了系统的全方面的总结。
[Abstract]:Dangerous goods has the advantages of easy combustion, explosive, corrosive and other characteristics. The hazardous goods production and transportation plays an important role in national economic development. Although the hazardous goods transportation accident probability is very low, but China's dangerous goods road transport capacity, due to inadequate supervision caused by China's dangerous road goods transportation accidents occur frequently, extremely serious consequences, attach great importance to society and the state. Due to hazardous items unique to flammable, explosive and other harmful characteristics, once the accident, it not only on the surrounding residents of the safety of life and property caused great damage, and may cause damage to the surrounding environment and the ecological risk with the road transportation accident. So the means of management and control of dangerous goods science has become particularly important, this problem is not only related to the people around the mouth and ring line It is also related to the transportation cost of hazardous and hazardous materials in transportation enterprises. One of the core contents is the optimization design of transport network.
In this paper, the idea of robust optimization of hazardous goods transportation network design problem, there are two main items, transport enterprises harmful government supervision departments and government supervision departments are considered dangerous. The total risk of hazardous materials transportation network of the dangerous, and dangerous goods transport enterprises are the main pests considering transportation cost. The government supervision department to design harmful goods transport network risk by closing some sections, transportation enterprises choose their routes in a given transportation network. The main research work is as follows:
1, this paper studies the robust optimization idea of hazardous goods transportation network design problem, according to the risk of hazardous materials transportation network design problem complexity, this paper proved that there does not exist any polynomial time approximation algorithm (both approximate parameter and its value number) and FPT algorithm, unless P=NP.
2, the risk of hazardous materials transportation network optimization design for road section of the uncertainty of risk, this paper uses interval data robust optimization method of hazardous goods processing section of the risk weights, establish robust bilevel programming model for the problem, and gives the Lu Bangmo type solution heuristic algorithm. Finally an example test model and the validity of the algorithm and reasonable.
3, according to the decision of the overall transportation network design profit expectations, risk, cost optimization tuning factor index a and network transport network. A fair introduction has established risk balance and fairness constraints of harmful goods transport network optimization design model, and gives the calculation method to solve the model.
4, on the basis of the above work, a systematic and comprehensive summary of the problem of the transportation network optimization of hazardous and hazardous materials is carried out.

【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U16;TP301.6

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