中外桥梁抗震设计规范对比分析

发布时间：2018-01-19 21:29

本文关键词： 抗震设计规范设计地震动延性设计减、隔震设计桩-土相互作用　出处：《兰州交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：21世纪以来，随着对强震记录的观测和抗震技术的不断研究，桥梁抗震理论得到了很大的发展，世界各国的桥梁抗震设计规范也在不断的更新和完善。由于各国的经济状况、环境条件等因素的不同，各国的桥梁抗震规范都存在一定的差异，甚至可以说各自成为一个独立的体系。然而，各国的抗震规范又是在不断的吸收和借鉴其他国家先进的设计思想而得到更新和完善。相对美国、欧洲、日本而言，我国的桥梁抗震规范还不够成熟，尤其是桥梁延性和减、隔震设计方面，我国规范中对该部分内容涉及的较少。本文分别对美国、欧洲、日本和中国的桥梁抗震规范进行整体比较，对各国规范中涉及的一些参数进行详细分析，对我国规范中尚未涉及的内容及参数取值考虑不足等方面给出一些建议，可对我国规范的修订和完善提供参考。本文主要内容如下： 1、介绍桥梁抗震设计的基本理论知识，包括桥梁受地震破坏的形式、影响因素、地震动输入、桥梁破坏准则、结构地震振动方程、结构动力特性及地震反应分析方法等内容，详细论述了桥梁抗震设计的反应谱分析法，简要叙述了静力法和时程分析法。 2、对四国规范的抗震设防目标、设防标准、桥梁等级划分进行比较，分析了四国规范对抗震设防标准的差异。 3、对四国规范关于设计地震动中涉及的地震动区划、场地类别划分、反应谱曲线图及阻尼修正系数进行比较分析，对我国所使用的“烈度”概念提出相关的建议，对各国阻尼比修正系数的取值进行详细的对比。 4、比较四国规范关于地震反应分析方法、荷载组合、反应谱法振型组合、地震作用组合、建模原则等规定的异同。 5、对四国规范中延性设计的内容进行比较，，针对我国规范规定的综合影响系数与其他几国规范采用的延性行为系数之间的差异，提出了相关的建议，并对各国塑性铰长度和桥墩配筋率取值进行总结。 6、对四国规范有关减、隔震设计适用条件、参数规定进行比较，分析各国规范规定的隔振支座的等效刚度、等效阻尼比取值的变化规律。 7、通过有限元分析软件对实桥工程进行模拟，分析桩-土之间的相互作用对结构模态和地震反应值的影响。
[Abstract]:Since 21th century, with the observation of strong earthquake records and the continuous study of seismic technology, the seismic theory of bridges has been greatly developed. The codes for seismic design of bridges all over the world are constantly updated and perfected. Due to the differences of economic conditions and environmental conditions of different countries, there are some differences in the seismic codes of bridges in different countries. It can even be said that each has become an independent system. However, the seismic code of various countries is constantly absorbing and learning from the advanced design ideas of other countries to be updated and improved. Compared with the United States, Europe. In Japan, the seismic code of bridges in China is not mature enough, especially the ductility and mitigation of bridges, isolation design, the content of this part of the code is less. This paper respectively for the United States, Europe. The seismic code of bridges in Japan and China is compared as a whole, and some parameters involved in the codes are analyzed in detail. This paper gives some suggestions on the content and parameter values that have not yet been involved in the code of our country, which can provide a reference for the revision and perfection of our country's code. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. The basic theoretical knowledge of seismic design of bridges is introduced, including the form of earthquake damage, the influencing factors, the input of ground motion, the criterion of bridge failure, and the equation of seismic vibration of structures. In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of structures and seismic response analysis methods are discussed in detail, and the static method and time-history analysis method are briefly described. 2. Comparing the seismic fortification target, fortification standard and bridge grade of the code of four countries, and analyzing the difference of the code of the four countries to the standard of seismic fortification. 3. The division of ground motion, the classification of site, the curve of response spectrum and the coefficient of damping correction in the design of ground motion are compared and analyzed. This paper puts forward some suggestions on the concept of "intensity" used in our country, and makes a detailed comparison of the values of the revised coefficient of damping ratio in various countries. 4. Compare the differences and similarities between the four countries about seismic response analysis method, load combination, response spectrum mode combination, seismic action combination, modeling principle and so on. 5. Compare the content of ductility design in the four codes, and put forward some suggestions on the difference between the comprehensive influence coefficient and the ductile behavior coefficient adopted by other countries. The length of plastic hinge and the ratio of piers reinforcement are summarized. 6. Comparing the applicable conditions and parameters of the design of isolation and abatement of four countries, and analyzing the law of change of the equivalent stiffness and equivalent damping ratio of the vibration isolation bearings stipulated by the codes of other countries. 7. The influence of pile-soil interaction on structural mode and seismic response value is analyzed by finite element analysis software.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U442.55

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