道路减速设施应用技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-21 07:39

本文关键词： 道路减速带减速丘仿真分析设置技术　出处：《重庆交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：速度是造成道路交通伤害的一项关键性的因素，研究表明车速与道路交通事故及事故的严重程度具有显著的相关性。有效的速度管理可降低车速，降低事故发生率及事故的严重性，，提高道路交通的安全性。目前我国道路交通参与者素质良莠不齐，要想通过提高驾驶者素质来改善交通安全水平，在目前情况下需要投入的资金较大，且见效的时间较长。为解决目前严峻的道路交通安全问题，减速设施由于投入的资金少、减速效果好、适用范围广等特点，在我国各种道路危险路段得到了广泛应用，特别是强制性减速设施的广泛使用，有效缓解了山区公路的安全问题。但是由于使用过程中缺乏相应的规范、标准、指南等的指导，出现了诸多问题，有些还造成了一定的社会影响。论文针对目前减速设施的应用技术进行研究。论文通过对国内外减速设施的广泛调研及资料收集，对减速设施的应用现状进行了分析。首先深入分析了我国关于减速设施的相关规范要求，指出了现有标准指导作用的缺陷；其次对目前各种减速设施进行了归类整理，根据减速效果及减速机理的不同，将减速设施分为了强制性、半强制性、警示性三类，以便于选择使用。然后针对强制性减速设施应用中类型选择与适用范围不匹配、尺寸设计不合理、配套设施不完善等关键问题进行了分析。采用多体动力学软件ADAMS/CAR，建立了设有减速带及减速丘的3D等效容积路面模型，利用仿真分析的手段，探究了减速带及减速丘的不同高度、宽度、轮廓形状在不同车速情况下对车辆行车舒适性及行驶稳定性的影响规律，以人体暴露于全身振动的评价为标准，考虑行车舒适性及稳定性，提出了减速丘及减速带在不同车速条件的尺寸推荐值，以保障车辆行驶的安全。根据实际经验总结及相关的理论分析，研究了三类减速设施的设置条件，设置位置及设施设计，针对强制性减速设施，提出了其完善的配套设施设计，包括体表标记、警告标志、预告标线的设计。最后根据典型危险路段的隐患特点，提出了减速设施的综合处治对策及处治示意图。
[Abstract]:Speed is a key factor to cause road traffic injury. Research shows that speed has a significant correlation with road traffic accidents and the severity of accidents. Effective speed management can reduce speed. Reduce the incidence of accidents and the severity of accidents, improve the safety of road traffic. At present, the quality of road traffic participants are mixed, we want to improve the quality of drivers to improve the level of traffic safety. In order to solve the serious problem of road traffic safety, the deceleration facilities have the characteristics of less investment, good deceleration effect and wide application scope, in order to solve the problem of road traffic safety. In China, various dangerous road sections have been widely used, especially the widespread use of compulsory deceleration facilities, effectively alleviate the mountain road safety problems, but due to the lack of corresponding norms in the use process, standards. There are many problems in the guidance of the guide, some of which have caused some social impact. This paper focuses on the application technology of the deceleration facility. Through the extensive investigation and data collection of deceleration facilities at home and abroad, this paper analyzes the current situation of the application of deceleration facilities. Firstly, it deeply analyzes the requirements of the relevant specifications of the deceleration facilities in China. The shortcomings of the guidance function of the existing standards are pointed out. Secondly, all kinds of deceleration facilities are classified and sorted out. According to the different deceleration effect and deceleration mechanism, the deceleration facilities are divided into three categories: mandatory, semi-mandatory and cautionary. Then the key problems in the application of compulsory deceleration facilities, such as the mismatch between the type selection and the applicable range, the unreasonable size design and the imperfect supporting facilities, are analyzed. Using the multi-body dynamics software Adams / car, the 3D equivalent volume road surface model with deceleration belt and deceleration dome is established, and the different heights of the deceleration belt and deceleration dome are explored by means of simulation analysis. The influence of the width and contour shape on the driving comfort and driving stability of the vehicle under different speed conditions is considered according to the evaluation criteria of the human body exposed to the whole body vibration and considering the driving comfort and stability. The recommended sizes of deceleration dome and reducer in different speed conditions are put forward to ensure the safety of vehicle running. According to the practical experience and related theoretical analysis, this paper studies the setting conditions, setting position and facility design of three kinds of deceleration facilities, and puts forward its perfect supporting facilities design for compulsory deceleration facilities. It includes the design of body surface mark, warning sign and forecast mark. Finally, according to the characteristics of hidden danger in typical dangerous section, the comprehensive treatment countermeasure and treatment diagram of deceleration equipment are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U417

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