带状城市群公交线路设计与票价测算研究

发布时间：2018-02-13 19:02

本文关键词： 带状城市群公交线路公交票价非线性整数规划双层规划　出处：《华南理工大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国的城市群正处于发展阶段，探讨城市群规划中的公共交通问题对城市群交通系统的完善有重要意义。本研究从公交运营成本与乘客出行成本构成的总成本之和最小的目标出发研究公交线路的最优设计；从公共交通运营者的收益最大和乘客的广义出行成本最小的角度研究最优票价的测算。本文以呈带状形态的城市群为背景，假设公交运营符合现状的交通政策，利用数学规划思想，，以总成本最小为目标函数，公交发车频率为决策变量，以城市间设计的公交线路对称、发车间隔不超过最大设定值、车辆容量限制、断面流量限制及发车频率为非负整数为约束条件，建立非线性整数规划模型TOR。该模型应用的前提条件是，带状城市群有唯一的线性运输走廊，不同城市间的居民出行OD矩阵，车辆运行速度、运行时间，乘客时间价值，公交企业单位运营成本及折旧成本已知。根据该模型计算得到的发车频率是否为零，作为任意两个城市间是否设置公交线路的依据，根据计算的整个城市群所有城市间发车频率得到最优的公交线路。文章应用优化软件Lingo求解基于TOR模型的数值算例，结果表明该模型的提出在理论上可行并有应用潜力。在路线设计的基础上，本文以公交运营者的收益最大和乘客广义成本最小为目标建立双层规划模型，其中上层模型以公交票价为决策变量，以票价调整幅度为约束条件，下层模型基于随机用户均衡模型构建，以不同路线的客流量为决策变量，以路段容量限制为约束条件。论文证明了构建的双层规划模型解的存在性和唯一性，运用敏感度分析方法求解数值算例获得最优票价。研究表明，此项研究工作可用于实际工作中的票价调整。本论文首次从理论上针对带状城市群公交线路的设计问题与合理票价制定问题分别提出模型与求解方法。研究表明论文提出的模型与方法在理论上可行。论文的算例结果进一步表明，本研究成果可以直接为城市群公交线路规划与最优设计，票价调整及运营调度工作提供决策依据。
[Abstract]:China's urban agglomerations are at a stage of development. It is very important for the improvement of urban agglomeration transportation system to discuss the public transportation problem in the planning of urban agglomeration. This study studies the optimal design of public transportation line from the goal of the minimum sum of total cost of public transport operation cost and passenger travel cost. This paper studies the calculation of the optimal ticket price from the angle of the public transport operator's maximum income and the passenger's generalized travel cost minimization. In this paper, taking the urban agglomeration in the form of banding as the background, assuming that the public transport operation conforms to the current traffic policy, using the idea of mathematical planning, taking the minimum total cost as the objective function, the frequency of bus departure as the decision variable. The constraints are that the bus lines designed between cities are symmetrical, the departure interval is not more than the maximum set value, the vehicle capacity is limited, the cross-section flow limit and the departure frequency are non-negative integer. A nonlinear integer programming model, Torr, is established. The prerequisite for the application of this model is that the belt urban agglomeration has a unique linear transportation corridor, the OD matrix of residents travel between different cities, the speed of vehicles, the running time, the value of passenger time, and so on. The unit operating cost and depreciation cost of public transport enterprises are known. Whether the departure frequency is zero or not is calculated according to the model, which is the basis of whether or not to set up bus lines between any two cities. According to the calculated departure frequency of all cities in the urban agglomeration, the optimal bus route is obtained. The numerical example based on TOR model is solved by the optimization software Lingo. The results show that the proposed model is feasible in theory and has application potential. On the basis of route design, this paper sets up a bilevel programming model aiming at the maximum profit of bus operators and the minimum generalized cost of passengers, in which the upper layer model takes bus fare as decision variable and the range of fare adjustment as constraint condition. The lower layer model is based on the stochastic user equilibrium model, taking the passenger flow of different routes as the decision variable and the section capacity restriction as the constraint condition. The existence and uniqueness of the solution of the bilevel programming model are proved in this paper. The sensitivity analysis method is used to solve the numerical example to obtain the optimal ticket price. The research shows that the research work can be used to adjust the ticket price in the actual work. For the first time in this paper, the model and the solution method are proposed for the design of bus routes and the reasonable fares of the urban agglomeration respectively. The research shows that the models and methods proposed in this paper are feasible in theory. The results of an example show that, The research results can provide decision basis for bus route planning and optimal design, fare adjustment and operation scheduling of urban agglomeration.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.17

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