几种岩爆地质力学模式的力学分析

发布时间：2018-02-14 17:10

本文关键词： 岩爆地质力学模式突变理论失稳判据　出处：《成都理工大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：岩爆是制约隧道工程发展的重大地质灾害之一，国内外学者从不同角度，运用不同手段对岩爆问题进行研究。目前，国内外对岩爆机制的研究还没形成统一的认识，岩爆问题研究已成为世界性的地下工程地质灾害难题之一。随着地下工程建设的增多，岩爆灾害问题愈加突出。为了做好岩爆的预测和防治工作，减少或避免岩爆地质灾害，岩爆相关理论的研究愈显重要性和紧迫性。其中，岩爆机制的力学描述与分析是岩爆预测和防治的重要基础。隧道围岩在开挖后表现的力学效应是非线性的，并处于动态不可逆演化之中。非线性是岩体力学行为的本质特征。因此，要对隧道围岩的力学行为进行描述、预测和控制，可以借助当代非线性科学理论，建立适合于岩体力学与工程特点的岩体非线性系统理论。突变理论是研究非线性科学的重要手段之一，其相对其他非线性科学的理论而言最大的优势在于：突变理论只需几个假设为基础，就算不知道系统的微分方程和微分方程的条件，也可以通过几个变量来推导出系统中的某些定量或定性状态。本文在李天斌教授归纳总结的六种岩爆变形破坏的地质力学模式基础上，以其中四种岩爆地质力学模式为基础，通过高地应力脆性岩体力学等方法分析将四种地质模型转化成岩体力学模型，通过突变理论，将岩体力学模型转化为尖点突变模型，即数学模型，建立数学公式，进而通过数学公式来推断出岩爆发生的判据等。主要获得了以下研究成果：（1）采用断裂力学理论分析洞室围岩，阐述洞室围岩劈裂成板的机制，并推导出劈裂成板的判据。根据劈裂成板的形成机制，定性分析张裂—剥落式岩爆发生的判据。（2）通过对弯曲-鼓折式岩爆地质力学模式深入分析，建立符合此地质力学模式的板梁-弹簧力学模型，通过对力学模型转化出的尖点突变模型分析，推导出此类模式洞室围岩失稳（岩爆）判据等相关理论公式，，并以锦屏水电站为实例验证了判据公式的合理性。（3）通过对张裂-滑移式岩爆地质力学模式深入分析，建立相应合理的块体剪切力学模型，通过对力学模型转化出的尖点突变模型分析，推导出此类模式洞室围岩失稳（岩爆）判据等相关理论公式，并以锦屏水电站为实例验证了判据公式的合理性。（4）通过对张裂-倾倒式岩爆地质力学模式深入分析，建立符合此地质力学模式的悬臂梁力学模型，通过对力学模型转化出的尖点突变模型分析，推导出此类模式洞室围岩失稳（岩爆）判据等相关理论公式，并以锦屏水电站为实例验证了判据公式的合理性。
[Abstract]:Rock burst is one of the major geological hazards restricting the development of tunnel engineering. Scholars at home and abroad have studied the problem of rock burst from different angles and by different means. At present, the research on the mechanism of rock burst has not formed a unified understanding at home and abroad. The study of rock burst has become one of the difficult problems of underground engineering geological hazard in the world. With the increase of underground engineering construction, the problem of rock burst disaster becomes more and more prominent. In order to make the prediction and prevention of rock burst, to reduce or avoid the geological disaster of rock burst, It is more and more important and urgent to study the related theory of rock burst, in which the mechanical description and analysis of rock burst mechanism is the important foundation for prediction and prevention of rock burst. The mechanical effect of tunnel surrounding rock after excavation is nonlinear and is in the process of dynamic irreversible evolution. Nonlinearity is the essential characteristic of rock mass mechanical behavior. Therefore, the mechanical behavior of tunnel surrounding rock should be described, predicted and controlled. The theory of nonlinear system of rock mass suitable for rock mechanics and engineering characteristics can be established with the help of contemporary nonlinear scientific theory, and catastrophe theory is one of the important means to study nonlinear science. Its greatest advantage over other theories of nonlinear science is that the catastrophe theory requires only a few assumptions, even if it does not know the conditions of the differential equations and differential equations of the system. Some quantitative or qualitative states in the system can also be derived from several variables. On the basis of six kinds of geomechanical models of rock burst deformation and failure summarized by Professor Li Tianbin, this paper is based on four kinds of rock burst geomechanical models. Four geological models are transformed into rock mass mechanics models by means of high ground stress brittle rock mass mechanics. Through catastrophe theory, rock mass mechanics models are transformed into cusp catastrophe models, or mathematical models, and mathematical formulas are established. Then the criterion of rock burst is inferred by mathematical formula. The following research results are obtained:. 1) the fracture mechanics theory is used to analyze the surrounding rock of the cavern, and the mechanism of the split slab-forming of the surrounding rock of the cavern is expounded, and the criterion of the split-forming plate is deduced. According to the forming mechanism of the split-forming plate, the criterion of the tension-spalling rockburst is qualitatively analyzed. 2) through the deep analysis of the bending-bulging rock burst geological mechanics model, the plate beam-spring mechanical model is established, and the cusp catastrophe model transformed from the mechanical model is analyzed. The relevant theoretical formulas such as instability (rock burst) criterion of surrounding rock in this kind of model cavern are deduced and the rationality of the criterion formula is verified by taking Jinping Hydropower Station as an example. (3) through the deep analysis of the geo-mechanical model of tension-slip rock burst, the corresponding reasonable block shear mechanics model is established, and the cusp catastrophe model transformed from the mechanical model is analyzed. The relevant theoretical formulas such as instability (rock burst) criterion of surrounding rock in this kind of model cavern are deduced and the rationality of the criterion formula is verified by taking Jinping Hydropower Station as an example. 4) by analyzing the geomechanical model of tension crack and toppling rockburst, the cantilever beam mechanics model is established, and the cusp catastrophe model is analyzed. The relevant theoretical formulas such as instability (rock burst) criterion of surrounding rock in this kind of model cavern are deduced and the rationality of the criterion formula is verified by taking Jinping Hydropower Station as an example.
【学位授予单位】：成都理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U451.2

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