基于异形断面盾构刀盘的模拟试验台的设计与研究

发布时间：2018-02-20 18:59

本文关键词： 异形断面盾构刀盘模拟试验台液压比例位置控制阀控缸建模　出处：《东北大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：盾构掘进机是一种专门用于地下隧道工程开挖的大型高科技施工装备。它具有开挖快、优质、安全、经济并有利于环境保护和降低劳动强度的优点。传统的盾构主要是以圆形断面为主,而随着地下空间的不断开发和利用,人们对隧道的功能提出了新的要求,隧道断面的多样化成为了盾构未来的发展趋势。采用传统圆形盾构加工异形断面隧道时,往往会造成断面利用率低、浪费空间等弊端。而采用异形断面可减少开挖面积、减少回填土量,从而提高效率和空间利用率,使隧道施工技术更趋先进。为此,设计与研发异形断面盾构结构是当前各国迫切需要研究解决的重大问题。本论文首先提出了一种新型的异形断面盾构刀盘结构,并建立了刀盘挖掘截面的计算模型。考虑到现场试验需付出较大的经济代价和承担较高的安全风险,研制了模拟试验系统,该试验系统可用于模拟矩形、门洞型等复杂截面的挖掘。接着,采用MATLAB软件编程进行了试验台设计参数的确定,并对试验台主要零部件进行结构设计校核。基于ANSYS Workbench软件平台,对试验台机械结构进行静力分析,观察主要零部件承载能力及应力、变形分布情况,并进行结构的改进。详细分析试验台的动作要求,确定了电液比例控制系统的方案,并设计液压系统原理图,查阅相关厂家产品样本,选定合适的液压元件型号。采用传递函数的建模方法,首先建立了三位四通不对称比例方向阀控制不对称缸动力机构的数学模型,获得了比例位置控制试验台的传递函数。接着论文采用MATLAB/Simulink软件进行了液压系统的性能分析,设计PID控制器,对所建立模型进行校正,使系统更加稳定、响应更快。采用DSHp lus软件对液压系统进行了建模仿真,其结果与传递函数建模的结果几乎相同,一定程度上证明了模型的准确性。运用Solidworks三维软件进行模拟试验台的建模,并详细介绍了试验台机械结构和液压系统的加工制造过程以及液压站的现场调试,总结了生产制造过程出现的问题以及解决方案。
[Abstract]:Shield tunneling machine is a kind of large-scale high-tech construction equipment specially used for underground tunnel excavation. It has the advantages of quick excavation, high quality and safety. The traditional shield is mainly circular section, and with the continuous development and utilization of underground space, people put forward new requirements for the function of tunnel. The diversification of tunnel sections has become the development trend of shield tunneling in the future. When the traditional circular shield machine is used to process special-shaped section tunnels, it will often result in low utilization ratio of sections and waste of space, etc. However, the use of special-shaped sections can reduce the excavation area. In order to reduce the amount of backfill, improve the efficiency and space utilization, and make the tunnel construction technology more advanced, the design and development of special-shaped section shield structure is an urgent need to be studied and solved in many countries. In this paper, a new type of special-section shield cutter head structure is proposed, and the calculation model of cutter head excavation section is established. A simulation test system is developed, which can be used to simulate the excavation of rectangular and portal sections. Then, the design parameters of the test bed are determined by MATLAB software, and the structural design of the main parts of the test bed is checked. Based on the ANSYS Workbench software platform, the static analysis of the mechanical structure of the test bed is carried out. Observe the load-carrying capacity, stress and deformation distribution of main parts, and improve the structure. The operation requirement of the test-bed is analyzed in detail, the scheme of electro-hydraulic proportional control system is determined, and the schematic diagram of hydraulic system is designed, the relevant manufacturer's product sample is consulted, the appropriate hydraulic component model is selected, and the modeling method of transfer function is adopted. Firstly, the mathematical model of three-position four-way asymmetrical proportional directional valve to control the asymmetrical cylinder power mechanism is established, and the transfer function of the proportional position control test-bed is obtained. Then, the performance analysis of hydraulic system is carried out by using MATLAB/Simulink software. The PID controller is designed to correct the established model, which makes the system more stable and responsive. The hydraulic system is modeled and simulated by DSHp lus software, and the result is almost the same as that of the transfer function modeling. The accuracy of the model is proved to some extent. The modeling of the simulated test bed is carried out by using Solidworks software, and the machining and manufacturing process of the mechanical structure and hydraulic system of the test bed and the field debugging of the hydraulic station are introduced in detail. The problems and solutions in the manufacturing process are summarized.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U455.39

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