台阶式海堤堤前波浪特性试验研究

发布时间：2018-02-20 18:10

本文关键词： 台阶式海堤玻璃二维水槽大波浪作用波浪特性　出处：《广西大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在我国沿海地区,一般都修建海堤来减弱海岸地区不受暴潮、大型海浪的侵袭。随着人类社会的进步,为了减少大型风浪对沿海居民生存环境的影响,在传统的海堤形式的基础上,近年来各国先后尝试着研究各种新型的海堤结构,以增强海堤的消浪效果,并降低工程造价。目前,在沿海地区已经开始利用台阶式海堤,但对台阶式海堤堤前波浪特性及其消浪消浪效果还缺乏相应的研究。本文通过物理模型试验,研究台阶式海堤的结构参数对海堤堤前波浪特性的影响规律。试验是在广西大学水利实验室二维波浪水槽中进行的,物理试验按重力相似准则设计模型,模型几何比尺采用1：10,试验从海堤的坡度和台阶高度两个方面设计了五组试验方案,并且依据我国沿海地区大型波浪的实测资料设计了六组大型波浪入射工况,在试验中测试了堤前波浪壅高、波浪反射系数、流场变化、波浪爬高和波浪作用下台阶面上的脉动压力等参数。从台阶式海堤堤前波浪壅高程度、堤前流场变化、波浪爬高和海堤堤面台阶的振动程度等四个方面对堤前波浪特性进行综合分析评价。根据物理模型试验的结果,分析了海堤坡度和台阶高度对堤前波高、堤前流速、波浪在海堤堤面上的爬高和海堤堤面台阶上的脉动压力的影响,得到如下结论：当海堤台阶高度一定时,海堤的坡度变缓,堤前波浪壅高增大,堤前流速减小,波浪爬高减弱和海堤堤面台阶振动减小,即是台阶式海堤坡度越缓,海堤越安全稳定；而当海堤坡度一定时,随着海堤台阶高度的增大,海堤反射的波浪增多,反射波波能加大,堤前波浪的反射系数增大,波浪爬高减少。
[Abstract]:In the coastal areas of China, seawalls are generally built to weaken the coastal areas from violent tides and large waves. With the progress of human society, in order to reduce the impact of large-scale wind and waves on the living environment of coastal residents, On the basis of the traditional seawall form, in recent years, countries have tried to study various kinds of new seawall structures in order to enhance the wave elimination effect of the seawall and reduce the engineering cost. At present, the class seawall has been used in the coastal areas. However, the wave characteristics in front of the stepped seawall and the effect of wave dissipation are not well studied. In this paper, the influence of the structural parameters of the stepped seawall on the wave characteristics in front of the seawall is studied by physical model test. The experiment was carried out in the two-dimensional wave tank of the Water Conservancy Laboratory of Guangxi University. The physical test model is designed according to the criterion of gravity similarity, and the geometric scale of the model is 1: 10. Five groups of test schemes are designed from two aspects of the slope and the step height of the seawall. Based on the measured data of large waves in coastal areas of China, six sets of incident conditions of large waves are designed. The wave height, wave reflection coefficient and current field in front of the embankment are measured in the experiment. The parameters such as wave climbing and pulsating pressure on the step surface under the action of wave. The variation of the current field in front of the embankment is obtained from the degree of wave blockage in front of the stepped seawall. The wave characteristics in front of the seawall are comprehensively analyzed and evaluated from four aspects: wave climbing and the vibration degree of the surface steps of the seawall. Based on the results of the physical model tests, the effects of the slope and the height of the seawall on the wave height in front of the seawall, the velocity in front of the breakwater, the wave climbing on the surface of the seawall and the pulsating pressure on the step of the seawall are analyzed. The conclusions are as follows: when the height of the seawall steps is constant, the slope of the seawall becomes slower, the wave height in front of the seawall increases, the velocity of velocity in front of the dike decreases, the wave climb weakens and the step vibration on the surface of the seawall decreases, that is, the slope of the stepped seawall becomes slower. The more safe and stable the seawall is, when the slope of the seawall is constant, with the increase of step height, the reflected wave energy increases, the reflection coefficient of the wave in front of the seawall increases, and the wave climb decreases.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV139.25;U656.314

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