陕西省高速公路路域生态恢复技术的研究

发布时间：2018-02-22 01:44

本文关键词： 陕西高速公路生态恢复坡面恢复对策措施　出处：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：公路建设不可避免地要对道路通过地区的生态环境产生影响，主要表现为改变地形地貌、扰乱土壤结构、破坏植物群落、降低生物多样性、影响局部地域气候、增加水土流失危险性等。若不实施保护措施，不仅公路自身的设施安全和行车安全得不到保障，还将对周边地区生态环境带来不利影响。因此路域生态环境的恢复与重建，将成为今后公路工程中不可缺少的重要内容。公路建设中最主要的环境问题是生态环境问题,重点是路域植被和取土场、弃土场植被的恢复与重建。技术难点是坡面保护与植被恢复的统一和困难条件下以及极端环境条件下的植被恢复与重建。本文选取陕北地区—神木～佳县～米脂高速公路、关中地区—省级高速蒲城～黄龙段公路和陕南地区—西安～蓝田～商州高速公路为例，分析了陕北、关中和陕南高速公路路域生态环境特点，公路建设对路域生态环境的影响，提出了不同区域下高速公路路域生态恢复对策措施和技术策略。本文的研究成果主要可归纳为以下几个方面：（1）初步划分出陕西高速公路网生态恢复区划及模式，分区域、分路段类型、分部位构建了适合陕西省不同区域下公路建设生态景观恢复技术模式，为今后该地区路域生态景观恢复设计、施工、管理工作提供了技术基础依据。（2）边坡生态植被恢复建植技术对比研究，进行了路域植被建植技术区域适用性和路段适用性分析，通过对典型路域建植技术的广泛调研和人工边坡建植的模拟试验研究，总结出不同路段适用的建植技术。（3）通过对典型区域植物生态特性和路域生态环境下的植被恢复工程实践对比分析，筛选出了适合不同区域条件下的公路生态恢复的植物种类。
[Abstract]:Highway construction will inevitably have an impact on the ecological environment of the area through which the road passes, which is mainly manifested in changing the topography, disturbing the soil structure, destroying the plant community, reducing the biodiversity, and affecting the local regional climate. If the protection measures are not implemented, not only the safety of the highway itself and the safety of driving will not be guaranteed, but also the ecological environment of the surrounding area will be adversely affected. Therefore, the restoration and reconstruction of the ecological environment of the road area, The most important environmental problem in highway construction is the ecological environment problem, with emphasis on the vegetation and soil collection site in the road area, which will become an indispensable and important part of highway engineering in the future. The technical difficulties of vegetation restoration and reconstruction in abandoned sites are the unity and difficulty of slope protection and vegetation restoration and the vegetation restoration and reconstruction under extreme environmental conditions. This paper takes Shenmu ~ Jiaxian ~ Meizhi Expressway, Guanzhong Region-Provincial High-speed Pucheng ~ Huanglong Expressway and Shannan Region-Xi 'an ~ Lantian ~ Shangzhou Expressway as examples, and analyzes the Northern Shaanxi Province. The ecological environment characteristics of highway area in Guanzhong and southern Shaanxi and the influence of highway construction on ecological environment of highway area are discussed. The countermeasures and technical strategies for ecological restoration of highway region under different regions are put forward. The research results of this paper can be summarized as follows:. 1) the ecological restoration regionalization and pattern of Shaanxi expressway network are preliminarily divided, and the technical models of ecological landscape restoration suitable for highway construction in different regions of Shaanxi Province are constructed according to different regions of Shaanxi Province. It provides the technical basis for the design, construction and management of ecological landscape restoration in this area. (2) the comparative study of ecological vegetation restoration and planting technology of slope is carried out, and the applicability analysis of the region and section of road vegetation is carried out. Through the extensive investigation of typical road area planting technology and the simulation experiment study of artificial slope construction, The suitable planting techniques for different road sections are summarized. 3) based on the comparative analysis of plant ecological characteristics in typical region and vegetation restoration engineering practice in road ecological environment, the plant species suitable for highway ecological restoration under different regional conditions are selected.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：X171.4;U418.9

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