高速公路交通噪声预测方法对比研究与工程应用

发布时间：2018-02-24 14:37

本文关键词： 高速公路交通噪声预测方法工程应用　出处：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来，随着高速公路的通车里程和路网密度不断增加,其通行能力和服务水平也不断提高；汽车保有量日益递增，其设计标准和设计速度不断趋向高值；车流量增大或车速加快，其运营期间产生的交通噪声不同程度地影响着沿线居民的生活和工作以及环境敏感区，且噪声污染极其严重。为保护公路两侧的声环境质量和防治高速公路运营期的噪声污染，有关部门需要开展声环境影响评价工作，其核心工作是科学准确地预测交通噪声。因此，噪声预测模式的选取、参数的确定及其预测精度尤为重要。目前，有关政府部门在声环境影响评价中经常采用的道路交通噪声预测模型为：环保部在《环境影响评价技术导则—声环境》（HJ2.4—2009）中推荐的模型（即2009导则模型）和交通运输部在《公路建设项目环境影响评价规范》（JTGB03-2006）中推荐的模型（即2006规范模型）。但是两种预测模型都各有缺陷，其中导则模型没有确定声源源强和车速的计算方法，而规范模型中噪声传播的影响因素考虑不全面，其它衰减量计算公式也有一定的限制性，导致预测评价结果的精度偏低，还有待进一步提高。基于以上存在的问题，本论文以云南武昆高速公路为监测对象，通过对比分析“2009导则模型”和“2006规范模型”在高速公路不同监测路段、不同断面监测点、不同车流量、不同距离和高差、不同地面状况和地形环境条件以及不同道路状况下的预测结果，将两种预测模式的预测值和实测值进行对比分析以及预测精度的研究，确定预测模式的误差值，分析误差存在的原因，得出“2009导则模型”的预测结果和实测值更接近，并指出预测模式需要修正的理由和内容。通过查阅大量文献和实测工作，并结合两种预测模式的优点，对导则模型进行一定的修正和完善，同时将修正后模式和实测值比较以及修正前模式对比，验证修正模型的合理性和准确性，，最终得出该修正模型的适用性和精确性较好。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the increase of highway mileage and road network density, the capacity and service level of freeway have been improved, the number of vehicles is increasing day by day, the design standard and design speed of freeway are more and more high. With the increase of the traffic flow or the acceleration of the speed of the vehicle, the traffic noise produced during its operation affects the life and work of the residents along the route and the sensitive areas of the environment to varying degrees. And the noise pollution is extremely serious. In order to protect the sound environment quality on both sides of the highway and to prevent and cure the noise pollution in the expressway operation period, the departments concerned need to carry out the sound environment impact assessment work. The key task is to predict traffic noise scientifically and accurately, so it is very important to select the prediction mode, determine the parameters and predict the accuracy. At present, The road traffic noise prediction models often used by relevant government departments in acoustical environmental impact assessment are: the models recommended by the Ministry of Environmental Protection in the Technical guidelines for Environmental impact Assessment-Acoustic Environment (HJ2.4-2009) and traffic transportation. The model recommended by the Ministry of Transportation in the "Environmental impact Assessment Code for Highway Construction Project" (JTGB03-2006) (I. E. the 2006 Specification Model), however, each of the two prediction models has its own defects. The guide model does not determine the calculation method of sound source strength and speed, but the influence factors of noise propagation in the normative model are not fully considered, and other attenuation calculation formulas are also limited, which leads to the low accuracy of the prediction and evaluation results. There is still room for further improvement. Based on the above problems, this paper takes the Wu-Kun Expressway in Yunnan Province as the monitoring object, through the comparative analysis of "2009 guideline Model" and "2006 Standard Model" in different sections of highway monitoring, different cross-section monitoring points, different traffic flow. The prediction results of different distance and height difference, different ground condition, terrain environment condition and different road condition are compared and analyzed, and the precision of prediction is studied. The error value of prediction model is determined, the reason of error is analyzed, the prediction result of "2009 guideline model" is more close to the measured value, and the reason and content of forecasting model need to be revised are pointed out. Combined with the advantages of the two prediction models, the guide model is modified and perfected, and the modified model is compared with the measured values and the pre-revised model to verify the rationality and accuracy of the modified model. Finally, it is concluded that the modified model has good applicability and accuracy.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.91

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