基于GPS浮动车的城市实时交通状态估计方法研究和实现

发布时间：2018-02-27 23:15

本文关键词： GPS浮动车路段行程时间地图匹配　出处：《东北大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：交通状态信息是现代交通信息服务系统的基础,城市道路实时交通信息是实现交通管理及控制、动态诱导,改善道路通行条件的基础,对市民出行、公交调度、城市规划等具有重要参考价值。传统的交通信息检测设备如线圈检测器、微波检测器、雷达检测器等在道路交通流检测中发挥着重要的作用。但是固定检测器有许多弊端：无法直接检测车辆平均车速、路段旅行时间,覆盖范围有限,安装维护费用高昂等。近年来浮动车技术被更广泛的应用在交通信息的采集上,尤其是基于全球卫星定位系统(GPS)的车载设备被安装在了众多的公交车、出租车和物流车辆。大量的浮动车分布于道路的各个路段上,通过GPS实时定位,动态获取时间、位置、速度等车辆定位数据,该技术具有精度高、数据量大、道路覆盖范围广泛、经济方便等优势。论文在深入分析了浮动车交通参数研究现状的基础上,提出了改进直接估计方法和融合方法,并进行数据验证。根据行程时间估算方法的模型需要,首先进行数据采集和地图匹配。本文采用基于3G的采集技术,采集的数据首先经过速度选择规则等进行初步筛选,然后结合GIS电子地图的路段信息,利用基于投影的地图匹配算法将GPS浮动车数据匹配到路段上。其次,分析了现在针对GPS浮动车数据常用的行程估算方法直接估算方法和间接估算方法,在此基础上提出改进的直接估算方法。在观察改进直接估算方法、间接估算方法的估算值和真实值之间的差别之后,提出融合方法,使行程时间估算精度进一步提高。最后,在理论研究的基础上,完成了基于浮动车的实时交通信息计算系统的需求分析、功能设计、数据库设计等工作。
[Abstract]:Traffic state information is the foundation of modern traffic information service system. The real-time traffic information of urban roads is the basis of realizing traffic management and control, dynamic guidance, improving road traffic conditions, and public transportation scheduling. Traditional traffic information detection equipment such as coil detector, microwave detector, Radar detectors play an important role in the detection of road traffic flow, but the fixed detectors have many disadvantages: the average speed of vehicles can not be directly detected, the travel time of road sections is limited, and the coverage is limited. The cost of installation and maintenance is high. In recent years, floating vehicle technology has been more widely used in the collection of traffic information, especially the on-board equipment based on GPS (Global Positioning system) has been installed in a large number of buses. Taxi and logistics vehicles. A large number of floating vehicles are distributed on various sections of the road, through GPS real-time positioning, dynamic acquisition of time, location, speed and other vehicle positioning data, this technology has high accuracy, large amount of data, Based on the deep analysis of the current situation of the research on the traffic parameters of the floating vehicle, the improved direct estimation method and the fusion method are put forward. According to the model needs of the travel time estimation method, data acquisition and map matching are first carried out. In this paper, the acquisition technology based on 3G is adopted, and the collected data is initially screened by speed selection rules, etc. Then combining with the section information of GIS electronic map, we use the map matching algorithm based on projection to match the GPS floating vehicle data to the section. Secondly, This paper analyzes the direct estimation method and indirect estimation method for GPS floating vehicle data, and puts forward the improved direct estimation method. After the difference between the estimated value and the real value of the indirect estimation method, a fusion method is proposed to further improve the precision of travel time estimation. Finally, on the basis of theoretical research, The requirement analysis, function design and database design of the real-time traffic information computing system based on floating vehicle are completed.
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491

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