斜交梁桥震害机理振动台试验与数值模拟

发布时间：2018-03-05 21:10

本文选题：斜交梁桥　切入点：振动台模型试验　出处：《福州大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：斜交梁桥能较好地满足路线设计的线形要求和缩短线路,因此,近年来在国内外高等级公路和城市道路中得到较多应用。然而,其震害机理尚未完全明确。本文在对国内大量已建斜交梁桥调查研究的基础上,设计制作两跨连续混凝土斜交梁桥试验模型,结合振动台模型试验和数值模拟分析,研究了斜交梁桥的地震响应及震害特点。论文的主要工作和研究结论如下：(1)调查国内已建斜交梁桥的主要设计参数,采用正交试验设计法,设计制作9座缩尺比例为1/5的两跨连续混凝土斜交梁桥试验模型,开展振动台模型试验。通过振动台模型试验发现：不同场地、不同地震动作用下,斜交梁桥结构反应的差别较大,最大可达到10倍以上；在纵桥向地震动输入下,斜交梁桥横桥向也有较大的地震响应,表明在单向地震作用下,其地震反应也存在空间耦合性。(2)采用OpenSEES软件,建立了模型桥梁的有限元动力模型,对振动台模型试验进行数值模拟分析。数值计算结果与试验实测结果对比分析表明,两者吻合较好,本文所采用的动力模型能较好地模拟斜交梁桥的地震反应特征。(3)以某高速公路上一座代表性的两跨连续混凝土斜交梁桥为工程背景,采用OpenSEES软件建立基准有限元动力模型,进行三向地震动输入下结构地震反应的参数分析,研究了斜交角、长细比、配箍率和轴压比等设计参数变化对结构地震反应和破坏的影响。分析结果表明：与正桥相比,斜交梁桥的桥墩内力、墩顶位移、盖梁与主梁间的相对位移及支座剪力均有不同程度的增大。此外,在假设支座不发生破坏的前提下,在E1地震作用下,当轴压比较小时(小于0.22),墩柱不会发生破坏；当轴压比较大时(大于等于0.22时),墩柱将发生弯曲破坏；在E2地震作用下,除配箍率为零的墩柱发生弯剪破坏外,其余墩柱均只发生弯曲破坏。
[Abstract]:Skew girder bridges can meet the requirements of line design and shorten the lines well. Therefore, they have been widely used in high grade highways and urban roads at home and abroad in recent years. However, The mechanism of earthquake damage is not completely clear. Based on the investigation and study of a large number of built skew beam bridges in China, the experimental model of two-span continuous concrete skew beam bridge is designed and made, which is combined with shaking table model test and numerical simulation analysis. The main work and conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1) investigate the main design parameters of the skew beam bridges built in China, and adopt the orthogonal test design method. Nine test models of two-span continuous concrete skew beam bridges with a scale ratio of 1/5 are designed and fabricated, and shaking table model tests are carried out. Through the shaking table model tests, it is found that under different sites and different ground motions, The structural responses of skew beam bridges vary greatly, the maximum is more than 10 times, and under the input of longitudinal bridge ground motion, the cross direction of skew beam bridges also has a large seismic response, which indicates that under the action of unidirectional earthquake, The seismic response is also spatially coupled. (2) the finite element dynamic model of the model bridge is established by using OpenSEES software, and the model test of the shaking table is numerically simulated and analyzed. The dynamic model adopted in this paper can well simulate the seismic response characteristics of skew beam bridge. The engineering background is a typical two-span continuous concrete skew beam bridge on a certain expressway. The datum finite element dynamic model is established by using OpenSEES software. The parameter analysis of the seismic response of the structure under the three direction ground motion input is carried out, and the oblique angle, the aspect ratio and the slenderness ratio are studied. The influence of design parameters such as hoop ratio and axial compression ratio on the seismic response and failure of the structure is analyzed. The results show that compared with the normal bridge, the internal force of piers and the displacement of the pier top of the skew beam bridge are different from those of the normal bridge. The relative displacement between the cover beam and the main beam and the support shear force are increased to different degrees. In addition, under the assumption that the support does not damage, under the action of E1 earthquake, the pier column will not be destroyed when the axial compression ratio is less than 0.22. When the axial compression ratio is greater than 0.22, the pier column will have bending failure, except for the pier column with zero hoop ratio, only bending failure will occur under E2 earthquake.
【学位授予单位】：福州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U442.55;U446

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