大城市单向交通组织优化模型构建与求解算法研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 16:30

本文选题：单向交通组织优化　切入点：双层规划模型　出处：《吉林大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着社会经济的不断发展，我国城市的机动车保有量突飞猛进，许多城市已经迈入机动化时代。尽管一些大城市的路网在不断的增加扩建，，但是城市道路的增长速度仍然难以满足城市快速增长的交通需求，交通拥堵问题已经成为我国大部分城市普遍存在的难题，严重影响了城市经济社会的发展。面对巨大的交通拥堵问题，人们首先想到办法的是扩充道路，虽然扩充道路在一定程度上可以缓解交通拥堵，然而整个城市的空间是有限的，人们的生活区域不可能无限制的被道路所占用，而且扩充道路又会导致新的交通需求生成。在不断的探索和研究中发现，单向交通作为交通组织的一种方法对于缓解交通拥堵和改善车辆运行秩序有良好的作用。观察我国大部分城市的交通状况可以发现，在城市干道非常拥堵的情况下，许多支路却被闲置，没有得到充分的利用，本文根据微循环理论，将闲置的支路进行单向交通组织，从而在分担干道交通量和优化路网结构的同时，真正达到缓解交通拥堵的目的。本文通过对单向交通组织特点与设置条件的分析，根据目前我国城市道路系统的特点以及支路的现状，以支路作为进行单向交通组织优化的对象，以干道路段超限量饱和度最小、支路路段超限量饱和度最小以及优化区域平均碳排放量最小为优化目标，构建了单向交通组织优化的双层规划模型，同时根据单向交通组织优化的特点进行求解算法的设计，并通过实例分析该模型和算法的适用性。通过对实例论证的结果进行分析可以得出，单向交通组织优化可以降低干道路段的饱和度，同时使支路路段得到充分的利用，且优化后的路网更加顺畅，交通得到平衡，拥堵状况得到改善，区域内平均碳排放量减少。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of social economy, the number of motor vehicles in Chinese cities is advancing by leaps and bounds, and many cities have entered the era of motorization. However, the growth rate of urban roads is still difficult to meet the rapid growth of urban traffic demand. Traffic congestion has become a common problem in most cities in China, which has seriously affected the development of urban economy and society. In the face of the huge traffic congestion problem, people first think of the way to expand the road, although the expansion of the road can alleviate the traffic congestion to a certain extent, but the space of the whole city is limited. People's living areas can't be occupied by the road without restriction, and the expansion of the road will lead to the generation of new traffic demand. One-way traffic, as a method of traffic organization, plays a good role in alleviating traffic congestion and improving the traffic order of vehicles. If we look at the traffic situation of most cities in China, we can find that when the urban trunk roads are very congested, However, many branches are idle, which are not fully utilized. According to the theory of microcirculation, this paper organizes the idle branch road one-way traffic, so as to share the traffic volume of the main road and optimize the road network structure at the same time. The aim of alleviating traffic congestion is really achieved. Based on the analysis of the characteristics and setting conditions of one-way traffic organization, according to the characteristics of urban road system and the current situation of branch roads in China, this paper takes the branch road as the object of one-way traffic organization optimization. Taking the minimum saturation of trunk road section, the minimum saturation of branch road section and the minimum average carbon emission of optimized area as the optimization goals, a bi-level programming model of one-way traffic organization optimization is constructed. At the same time, according to the characteristics of one-way traffic organization optimization, the algorithm is designed, and the applicability of the model and algorithm is analyzed by an example. The optimization of one-way traffic organization can reduce the saturation of the main road section and make full use of the branch road, and the optimized road network will be smoother, the traffic balance will be achieved, the congestion situation will be improved, and the average carbon emissions in the region will be reduced.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491

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