基于光纤传感网络的连续梁桥施工监控技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-17 01:06

本文选题：光纤传感技术　切入点：施工监控　出处：《河南工业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当今社会随着经济的快速发展，道路桥梁的需求与日俱增，桥梁作为交通纽带，其发展十分迅猛且数量急增，特别是随着大跨度桥梁建设更是蓬勃发展，使建设任务更加艰巨，施工的技术难度更大，，施工的技术水平要求更高，这在近十年来我国的交通建设，特别是桥梁建设中表现得越来越明显。而桥梁施工监控技术作为保证桥梁施工质量和安全的关键技术，影响着整个桥梁的施工过程和日后的营运阶段。对桥梁实施监控的主要目的是桥梁施工过程中的结构内力和变形进行调控，确保其控制在设计规范允许的一定范围之内。因此，桥梁施工监控已经成为桥梁建设过程中必不可少的环节和措施。然而普通的传感器在恶劣的施工环境中成活率极低，受环境影响较大，精度低，工作寿命短，信号传输距离近，无法组建大规模的监测网络等缺陷，使得监控过程中采集的数据精度极低，对施工监控的实施很不利。相反光纤光栅传感器则有着很好的稳定性，在恶劣的施工环境中抗干扰腐蚀能力，且与传统分散型的传感器相比，光纤传感器可以多个串联成一个光纤传感网络。本文引进了光纤光栅传感技术，以南水北调大桥G107辅道为依托工程，对左、右两辅道有针对性的进行了桥梁施工监控的技术研究。首先，运用有限元软件MIDAS/CIVIL，根据前进算法和倒退算法相结合的特点，建立了相应的施工过程仿真分析模型，给出施工过程中结构的内力及变形的仿真分析结果，用于指导施工监测。其次，通过Kalman滤波法原理对施工监控过程中的立模标高进行调整和预测，总结出施工监控过程中线形控制过程，最终使成桥后的变形和结构内力控制在设计规范允许范围之内。最后，根据光纤光栅传感器的工作原理，分别在左幅和右幅建立了光纤传感网络和普通传感网络的施工监控系统，并对每一阶段的应力、温度及挠度进行了实时的监测，通过左右幅的数据比较分析，锁定影响施工过程的主要因素，得出相应的控制措施。本文通过在新建梁桥的应力监测中采用光纤光栅传感技术，在有限元模拟的基础上，通过与普通传感器所测数据比较。表明光纤光栅传感器在桥梁应力监测中可行性，为以后桥梁的应力应变监测提供了新方法。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, with the rapid development of economy, the demand of road and bridge is increasing day by day. As a transportation link, the development of bridge is very swift and rapid, especially with the rapid development of long-span bridge, which makes the construction task more arduous. The technical difficulty of construction is greater, and the technical level of construction is more demanding. This has been the traffic construction in our country in the past ten years. Especially, the bridge construction is becoming more and more obvious, and the bridge construction monitoring technology is the key technology to ensure the quality and safety of the bridge construction. The main purpose of monitoring the bridge is to control the internal force and deformation of the structure during the bridge construction, to ensure that the control is within a certain range permitted by the design code. Bridge construction monitoring has become an indispensable link and measures in the process of bridge construction. However, the survival rate of ordinary sensors in the harsh construction environment is extremely low, which is greatly affected by the environment, with low accuracy, short working life, short signal transmission distance, and the inability to set up a large-scale monitoring network. The precision of the data collected in the monitoring process is extremely low, which is very unfavorable to the implementation of construction monitoring. On the contrary, the fiber grating sensor has good stability and anti-interference and corrosion ability in the harsh construction environment. Compared with the traditional distributed sensor, the fiber optic sensor can be connected in series to form a single fiber optic sensor network. In this paper, the fiber Bragg grating sensing technology is introduced, which is based on the G107 auxiliary road of the South-to-North Water transfer Bridge. The technical research of bridge construction monitoring is carried out on the right two auxiliary roads. Firstly, according to the characteristics of forward algorithm and retrogression algorithm, the simulation analysis model of construction process is established by using the finite element software Midas / CIVIL. the results of simulation analysis of internal force and deformation of structure in construction process are given. Used to guide construction monitoring. Secondly, through the principle of Kalman filter to adjust and predict the elevation of vertical formwork in the construction monitoring process, the linear control process in the construction monitoring process is summarized. Finally, the deformation and internal force of the bridge are controlled within the allowable range of the design code. Finally, according to the working principle of fiber Bragg grating sensor, the construction monitoring system of fiber optic sensor network and ordinary sensor network are established in the left and right amplitude respectively, and the stress, temperature and deflection of each stage are monitored in real time. By comparing and analyzing the data of left and right amplitudes, the main factors affecting the construction process are locked and the corresponding control measures are obtained. In this paper, the fiber Bragg grating sensor technology is used in the stress monitoring of the new beam bridge. On the basis of finite element simulation, the data measured by the fiber Bragg grating sensor is compared with that of the common sensor. It is shown that the fiber grating sensor is feasible in the bridge stress monitoring. It provides a new method for monitoring the stress and strain of bridges in the future.
【学位授予单位】：河南工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U445.4

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