基于群体公平差异的公交网络双层优化模型

发布时间：2018-03-17 00:38

本文选题：交通工程　切入点：交通公平　出处：《中国公路学报》2014年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为准确刻画公交网络优化对不同居民群体的公平性影响,建立了考虑不同群体的人均道路占有面积、出行成本差异等因素的公交网络双层优化模型。上层模型以出行成本剥夺系数与道路面积基尼系数最小化为目标,用于求解考虑交通公平约束的公交网络优化方案;下层模型为多模式多用户随机均衡交通分配模型,用于描述上层给出的公交优化方案中不同群体对于不同交通方式的复杂选择行为。采用非劣排序遗传算法-Ⅱ求解模型,并以一个简单网络进行算例分析。结果表明:公交网络优化前,小汽车、公交车与自行车的出行分担率分别为42%,47%,11%;优化后,各出行方式的分担率分别为7%,82%,11%,部分拥有小汽车的高、中收入用户改用公交出行,3类群体的出行成本剥夺系数下降了20.68%,道路面积基尼系数下降了87.76%,低收入群体的交通公平感受与客观资源分配均显著改善。研究结果可为公交网络优化提供理论依据与模型基础,是改善交通规划方案公平性的全新尝试。
[Abstract]:In order to accurately describe the impact of bus network optimization on the fairness of different residents, the per capita road occupancy area of different groups was established. The upper layer model aims at minimizing the travel cost deprivation coefficient and the Gini coefficient of road area, which is used to solve the bus network optimization scheme considering the traffic fairness constraints. The lower layer model is a multi-mode multi-user stochastic equilibrium traffic assignment model, which is used to describe the complex selection behavior of different groups for different traffic modes in the upper bus optimization scheme. A non-inferior sorting genetic algorithm (NSA-II) is used to solve the model. The results show that before the optimization of the bus network, the travel sharing rates of cars, buses and bicycles are 42, 47 and 11, respectively, and after the optimization, the sharing rates of each travel mode are 7 / 82 and 11 / 11, respectively, and some of them have a high number of cars. The cost deprivation coefficient of middle income users using public transport to travel by bus decreased by 20.68, the Gini coefficient of road area decreased by 87.76, and the feeling of traffic fairness and objective resource allocation of low-income groups improved significantly. To provide theoretical basis and model basis for bus network optimization, It is a new attempt to improve the fairness of traffic planning scheme.
【作者单位】：昆明理工大学交通工程学院;昆明理工大学社会科学学院;同济大学道路与交通工程教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(61263025) 国家社会科学基金项目(13CSH018)
【分类号】：U491.17

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