中外城市公共交通运营模式对比

发布时间：2018-03-18 06:40

本文选题：公交交通　切入点：运营模式　出处：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国城市规模的不断扩大,汽车保有量呈几何倍数增长,道路资源日趋紧张,交通拥堵成为制约社会经济发展的重要因素之一,建设成熟便捷的公共交通体系成为公认的解决这一问题的有效手段。城市公共交通想要真正满足市民的出行需求,在私家车、电瓶车等出行方式面前拥有优势竞争力,实现良性快速发展等目的,就离不开良好的运营模式。当前我国的公共交通交运营模式存在诸如相关法规模糊、主管部门分割、优先政策落实滞后、政府补贴不足、票价制定缺乏依据、服务质量评价体系不健全等等问题,选择适用的城市公共交通的运营模式已经成为现阶段城市公共交通发展中迫切需要解决的问题。本文首先对城市公共交通运营模式的理论进行研究,分析了城市公共交通运营模式的概念及其特点,提出了城市公共交通运营模式的内涵及相关影响因素和构成要件,阐述了城市公共交通发展的经济规律。在此基础上,着重对国内外典型城市公共交通运营模式现状展开研究。结合当前国内城市公共交通发展中所遇到的瓶颈问题,分析了现行的准入机制、产权归属、市场运行情况、票价制定、服务质量监督、补贴模式等存在的主要问题及其发展趋势,并对国内早期城市公共交通运营模式改革失败的必然性进行梳理。在此基础上,将公交运营模式的改革放入当先改革发展的大环境中,通过对比分析,再结合实际的基础上,借鉴其他国家或地区城市公共交通运营模式的经验以及改革先行城市的成功做法,从而得出对国内城市公共交通运营模式科学发展方向的启示。此外,对中国典型城市公共交通运营模式改革方案进行研究,分析中国典型城市公共交通运营模式改革的重点和难点问题,提出了中国典型城市公共交通运营模式改革的宏观建议。
[Abstract]:With the continuous expansion of the scale of cities in China, the number of cars is increasing in geometric multiples, and the road resources are becoming increasingly tight. Traffic congestion has become one of the important factors restricting the development of social economy. The establishment of a mature and convenient public transport system is recognized as an effective means to solve this problem. Urban public transport wants to truly meet the travel needs of citizens, to have the advantage of competitiveness in the presence of private cars, electric vehicles and other travel modes, and to achieve the goal of healthy and rapid development. At present, in our country, there are many problems in the operation mode of public transportation, such as the ambiguity of relevant laws and regulations, the division of the competent departments, the lagging of the implementation of priority policies, the insufficient government subsidies, and the lack of basis for the establishment of fares. The service quality evaluation system is not perfect and so on. It has become an urgent problem to solve in the development of urban public transport at present to choose the suitable operation mode of urban public transport. Firstly, this paper studies the theory of urban public transport operation mode, analyzes the concept and characteristics of urban public transport operation mode, and puts forward the connotation of urban public transport operation mode, relevant influencing factors and components. This paper expounds the economic law of the development of urban public transport. On this basis, the paper focuses on the research on the current situation of the typical urban public transport operation mode at home and abroad. In combination with the bottleneck problems encountered in the development of domestic urban public transport, the paper analyzes the current access mechanism and ownership of property rights. The main problems existing in market operation, fare establishment, service quality supervision, subsidy mode and so on, and the necessity of failure in the reform of early urban public transport operation mode in China are combed out. Put the reform of public transport operation mode into the environment of reform and development first, through comparative analysis, then combine with the actual basis, draw lessons from the experience of other countries or regions of urban public transport operation mode and the successful practice of reforming the leading city. Thus, the enlightenment to the scientific development direction of urban public transport operation mode in China is obtained. In addition, the reform scheme of typical urban public transport operation mode in China is studied, and the key and difficult problems in the reform of Chinese typical urban public transport operation mode are analyzed. This paper puts forward macroscopic suggestions on the reform of public transport operation mode in typical cities in China.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.17

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