基于广义费用的道路客运经济运距测量模型研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 19:28

本文选题：运输经济　切入点：距离经济　出处：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：旅客运输作为运输形式中的一种，具有运输产品的共性-强可替代性特点。因此，各种客运方式都在想方设法相互竞争以争取客源，在一条运输线路上公路、铁路和民航同时涉足的情况时有发生。虽然这样可以为旅客出行提供多种选择，但从长远来看，不利于旅客运输市场的整体良性发展，会造成运输资源的浪费和运输的不经济。由于各种运输方式具有其特有的技术经济特点，因此每种运输方式都有其经济运距，运输距离包含在该经济运距范围之内，运输过程就会实现良好的经济效益，而运输距离超过或者不足于其经济运距，运输过程就难以实现其经济效益。同时，道路客运在整个旅客运输系统中占据重要地位，每年完成的客运量、旅客周转量在整个客运市场中都占绝对分量。因此，以道路客运为对象，研究其经济运距对于完善运输经济系统理论具有重要的理论意义，同时对于规范道路客运市场乃至整个旅客运输市场都具有重要的指导意义。本文以道路旅客运输为研究对象，引用与运输经济有关的道路运输规模经济、幅员经济及距离经济理论以及道路客运理论，结合道路运输平均运距、经济运距相关分析，同时参考并借鉴测量运输经济运距的传统方法，，提出采用广义费用研究道路客运经济运距的研究思路，并从理论和实践两方面对其可行性进行论证，最后通过分析道路客运广义费用的因素构成及量化方法、相关参数权重系数设定等最终构建出基于广义费用的道路客运经济运距测量模型，采用数学方法对其求解，并以京沪客班线为例进行实例验证。
[Abstract]:Passenger transport, as a form of transport, has the commonness of transport products-strong substitutability. Therefore, various modes of passenger transport are trying their best to compete with each other in order to win over the source of passengers and take the road on a transportation line. The simultaneous involvement of railways and civil aviation has occurred from time to time. Although this can provide a variety of options for passengers to travel, in the long run, it is not conducive to the overall sound development of the passenger transport market. Each mode of transport has its own economic distance, which is included in the economic distance. The transportation process will achieve good economic benefits, and the transportation distance will be more than or less than its economic distance, and the transportation process will be difficult to realize its economic benefits. At the same time, road passenger transport plays an important role in the whole passenger transport system. The volume of passenger traffic and the volume of passenger turnover account for the absolute part in the whole passenger transport market every year. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance to study the economic distance of road passenger transportation for perfecting the theory of transportation economic system. At the same time, it has important guiding significance for standardizing the road passenger transport market and even the whole passenger transport market. This paper takes the road passenger transportation as the research object, uses the road transportation scale economy, the size economy and the distance economy theory and the road passenger transport theory, combines the road transportation average distance, the economic transportation distance correlation analysis. At the same time, referring to the traditional method of measuring the economic transportation distance, the paper puts forward the research idea of using the generalized cost to study the economic transportation distance of the road passenger transport, and proves its feasibility from both the theory and the practice. Finally, by analyzing the factor composition and quantification method of the road passenger transport generalized cost, and setting up the relevant parameter weight coefficient, the economic distance measurement model of the road passenger transport based on the generalized cost is constructed, and the mathematical method is used to solve the model. And take the Beijing-Shanghai passenger-class line as an example to verify the case.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F542

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