船舶撞击大型桥梁桥墩力学行为及其防护研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 19:53

本文选题：驳船　切入点：桥墩　出处：《合肥工业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：船撞桥墩是造成桥梁损毁的常见事故之一。精确地估算船撞事故中的冲击力，能够对一次船撞事故中桥梁结构的内部响应以及碰撞行为对桥梁结构损伤的影响进行可靠地评估，以便设计出能够抵抗相应影响的桥墩。在对船舶-桥墩碰撞事故进行数值模拟计算时，之前的研究成果大多是在假定桥墩是刚性或弹性的前提下得出的，，没有考虑船舶与桥墩之间的相互作用。实际上，在碰撞过程中，桥墩材料会由于吸收冲击能量发生塑性变形而损坏；同时，延长了船舶与桥墩之间相互作用的时间，因此，这种情况下估算出来的冲击力有一定误差。本文中，用ANSYS建立一种驳船-桥墩碰撞数值模型，桥墩建模时，混凝土材料采用HJC本构模型，钢筋采用塑性随动强化本构模型，力求与实际桥墩特性相吻合。参考现有研究成果中的一些有效数据对模型进行校准。文中主要计算：不同碰撞速度下刚性和弹塑性材料桥墩受到的冲击力与船艏压溃深度；不同碰撞速度与不同碰撞质量下弹塑性材料桥墩受到的冲击力、桥墩的内部能量、桥墩顶部侧向位移以及船艏压溃深度；桥墩上部支撑重量不同时，桥墩的冲击力和顶部侧向位移。通过对计算结果的分析与研究，得出的结论可以为桥墩防撞设计提供一定的参考。同时，文中对桥梁防撞装置的研究现状也进行了概述。
[Abstract]:Ship collision is one of the common accidents that cause bridge damage. Accurately estimating the impact force in a ship collision accident can reliably evaluate the internal response of the bridge structure and the impact of the collision behavior on the bridge structure damage. In order to design the pier which can resist the corresponding influence. In the numerical simulation of the ship-pier collision accident, most of the previous research results are based on the assumption that the pier is rigid or elastic. The interaction between the ship and the pier is not taken into account. In fact, during the collision, the material of the pier is damaged by plastic deformation resulting from the absorption of the shock energy; at the same time, the time of interaction between the ship and the pier is prolonged, so, In this paper, ANSYS is used to establish a barge-pier collision numerical model. When the pier is modeled, the concrete material is modeled by the HJC constitutive model, and the steel bar is built by the plastic follow-up strengthening constitutive model. The model is calibrated with some valid data from the existing research results. The main calculations are as follows: the impact force and depth of bow collapse of rigid and elastoplastic material pier under different impact velocities, the impact force of elastic and plastic material pier under different impact velocities and different collision masses, and the internal energy of pier, The lateral displacement at the top of the pier and the depth of the ship's bow collapse, the impact force of the pier and the lateral displacement at the top of the pier are different with the weight of the upper support of the pier. The conclusions can provide some reference for the design of bridge pier collision prevention. At the same time, the research status of bridge anti-collision device is also summarized in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U443.26;U441

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