双曲拱桥病害分析及加固技术

发布时间：2018-03-26 12:11

本文选题：双曲拱桥　切入点：构造　出处：《山东大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：双曲拱桥是中国独有的一种桥型,属于钢筋少混凝土结构。双曲拱桥具有与周围环境融为一体的轻巧外形、实用性强的经济结构,耗用钢材和木料少,施工中能化整为零,装配式施工,可分段拼装波形拱梁,自重轻,需要起重设备少,制造容易,安装方便,易于当时搞群众运动,可适应广大农村地区农业发展的要求等特点。问世始于1964年4月17日,在无锡县东亭镇南首的板桥滨上,一座有别于传统拱桥的服务于农业的特殊桥梁诞生。由于桥梁整体表现形式为横向和纵向都呈现曲形,人们就称为双曲拱桥。双曲拱桥克服了一般拱桥在重荷载下横向方向容易弯曲变形的缺陷,同时继承发扬古代石拱桥的优点。使桥梁压力较好地分布于桥梁整体,将承重受力部位主拱圈、拱波等做成横向与纵向均为拱形曲线,提高了桥梁的强度和稳定性。这种桥的优点：是较相同跨度拱桥,节约钢材、混凝土等建筑材料,造价低,同时承载能力大大提高；施工进度快,可少支架施工甚至无拱架施工,节省木材,充分发挥其预制拼装的特点；在外观表现上,双曲拱桥纵横两个方向均呈现曲形,更美观,且富于变化。由于双曲拱桥出现于文革时期,兴起、大力发展处于60-70年代,在乡村公路中十分常见。因特殊历史时期的生产力局限及桥梁维护意识的淡薄,该桥型的设计荷载等级普遍较低,自身结构还存在较多结构缺陷,桥梁的整体承载力低,桥台容易产生水平推移,稳定性差。长期以来,桥梁重建轻养的现象并不鲜见,桥梁建成之后疏于养护,致使小的缺陷病害发展到影响到安全的严重病害事例很多。随着我国经济的迅猛发展,交通量急剧增加,同时车辆的荷载远远超出桥梁自身设计荷载的等级要求,桥梁在长期的超负荷的作用下,逐渐出现病害,严重者成为危桥。现今,我国有许多省份交通管理部门为一劳永逸的解决桥梁的安全隐患把双曲拱桥作为交通行业加固改造的重点桥型,开始将双曲拱桥列入维修及加固改造计划中。甚至有些拥有双曲拱桥数量较少的省份提出“消灭双曲拱桥”,改建为梁式桥。据统计,我国目前现存4万多座双曲拱桥,把如此数量之多的双曲拱桥不加区别地一概拆除重建,对周边人文、环境的影响、对社会经济效益的影响以及对交通和出行的影响均显得十分沉重。如果对这批特定历史时期的桥型进行病害的归纳分析,提出行之有效的加固改造方案,有针对性的对双曲拱桥进行加固改造,延长其使用寿命,继续服务于社会,将节约大量社会的人力和物力,并且使这种全世界独有的、优美造型桥梁得以继续使用和长期的保存对于双曲拱桥应根据不同情况不同处理的办法,而不是机械地一刀切,粗暴生硬地“消灭”重建,对还能够利用的进行桥梁现状鉴定分析、优化改造方案进行维修和改造,尽可能利用原有桥梁结构的使用效能,提高桥梁结构的荷载等级和通行能力,并延长原使用寿命。比较常用的处理方式为改变截面形式如增大截面、粘贴钢板和纤维芳玻韧布等复合材料或者增强横向整体性等方法加固。本论文以双曲拱桥的病害分析、维修加固改造为研究方向,以对双曲拱桥的技术检测、病害症状分析和维修改造进行学习、研究和总结的基础上,论述了双曲拱桥区别与其它拱桥、梁式板桥独特的构造和内力分布等特征,对双曲拱桥的常见病害进行归类,并对产生病害的原因进行分析,总结双曲拱桥普遍共性的病害基础上汇总传统的加固方法并提出新颖的综合加固办法,限于篇幅重点介绍双曲拱上部结构的加固方法。并以宝石河双曲拱桥为典型工程实例,着重介绍了双曲拱桥的典型病害,加固前后建模分析,设计与施工,加固处理后应力和稳定性的提高,加固后良好的经济效益和社会影响。为双曲拱桥的维修、延长使用寿命提供病害鉴定分析、加固方案与施工技术参考。
[Abstract]:Double arch bridge is a bridge Chinese unique, belongs to a reinforced concrete structure. The less curved arch bridge with low profile surrounding environment. The practical economic structure, consumption of steel and wood, in the construction of prefabricated construction, can break up the whole into parts, assembling the waveform can be segmented arch beam, light weight, less need lifting equipment, easy manufacture, convenient installation, easy when making the mass movement, can adapt to the agricultural development in rural areas demands. Publication began in April 17, 1964, in the Dong Ting Wuxi County Banqiao Town first on the waterfront, a special bridge is different from the traditional arch bridge for agriculture was born. Due to the overall form for transverse bridge are vertical and curved, it is called hyperbolic arch bridge. It overcomes the defect of double arch bridge arch bridge transverse direction under heavy loads easily bending deformation, and carry forward the inheritance of ancient stone The advantages of the arch bridge. The bridge to the whole bridge pressure distribution better, the load-bearing force parts of the main arch, arch made of transverse and longitudinal wave are the arch curve, improves the strength and stability of the bridge. This bridge is more advantages: the same span arch bridge, save steel, concrete and other building materials cost. At the same time, low bearing capacity is greatly improved; fast construction speed, little or no arch support construction construction, give full play to the characteristics of wood saving, precast; in appearance, vertical and horizontal double arch bridge in two directions were curved, more beautiful, and full of change.
Because of the emergence of double arch bridge appeared in the cultural revolution period, and vigorously develop in 60-70 years, is very common in rural highway. Because of the limitation and the productivity in the special historical period of bridge maintenance consciousness, design load of the bridge is generally low, the structure also has more structural defects, the overall carrying capacity of bridge abutment is low. Easy level goes on, poor stability. For a long time, the bridge reconstruction of light phenomenon is not uncommon, the bridge built after the neglect of maintenance, resulting in small defects to affect the safety of serious diseases in many instances. With the rapid development of China's economy, the traffic volume increased dramatically, while the vehicle load is far beyond the bridge's design the load level requirement, bridge in the long-term overload under the action of emerging diseases, which has become a dangerous bridge. Today, many of our province traffic management department To solve the safety problems of bridge to double arch bridge as a key bridge reinforcement in the transportation industry, began to be included in the maintenance and reinforcement of double arch bridge plan. Even some have a small number of double arch bridge provinces proposed "destroy double arch bridge, beam bridge built for change. According to statistics, China's existing more than 40 thousand hyperbolic the double curved arch bridge arch bridge, so the number of indiscriminate indiscriminate demolition and reconstruction, on the surrounding humanity, environmental impact, impact on social and economic benefits and impact on traffic and travel is ten heavy. If the bridge analysis for this batch of specific historical period of disease induction, put forward strengthening plan effective, targeted for reinforcement of double arch bridge, prolong the service life, to serve the society, the society will save a lot of manpower and material resources, and And make this kind of world unique, beautiful modeling bridge to continue to use and long-term preservation
For the double arch bridge according to the different treatment methods in different situations, rather than mechanically across the board, gruff to "destroy" of reconstruction, it can analyze the present situation of the bridge identification using, maintenance and renovation of retrofit scheme, using efficiency as far as possible the use of the original bridge structure, improve the level of bridge structure and traffic load ability, and the extension of the original life. Compared with commonly used methods for changing the section forms such as increasing section, paste steel plate and fiber fibrwrap composite materials such as reinforced or transverse integral reinforcement method.
This paper takes the double curved arch bridge disease analysis, as the research direction in the reform of maintenance and strengthening technology, detection of the double arch bridge, disease symptom analysis and maintenance of learning, basic research and summary, discusses the difference and the other double arch bridge arch bridge, beam bridge unique structure and the internal force distribution characteristics of common diseases the double curved arch bridge are classified, and the causes of disease were analyzed, summarized the common diseases of double arch bridge on the summary of the traditional reinforcement methods and puts forward a comprehensive reinforcement method of novel, limited space introduces hyperbolic arch reinforcement method of upper structure. And the gem River double curved arch bridge as a typical example. It focuses on the typical double arch bridge diseases, modeling and analysis before and after reinforcement, design and construction, the reinforcement stress and improve the stability, with good economic benefit and social For the maintenance of the double curved arch bridge and the prolongation of the service life, the disease identification and analysis are provided, and the reinforcement scheme and the construction technology are referenced.

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U445.72

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