子午岭林区生态边坡稳定性及防护方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 21:31

本文选题：子午岭林区　切入点：生态防护　出处：《武汉理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济的快速发展，高速公路和隧道等项目的建设导致了大量土方开挖，破坏了原有的植被，打破了原有的生态平衡。裸露的岩土边坡如果不进行防护，容易造成水土流失，生态环境的破坏，边坡失稳，甚至塌方等一系列问题，带来巨大的损失。生态护坡技术结合岩土工程、生态恢复工程、植物学等多学科领域研究成果，利用植物涵水固土的原理对岩土边坡进行防护。生态护坡技术兼顾边坡的稳定性与植被的恢复，同时具有美化环境、维护生态生态平衡的作用。虽然属于新兴的边坡防护形式，但其发展迅速，也是未来边坡防护工程的主要发展方向。本文在研究国内外大量有关生态防护和固土植物物种以及边坡稳定性分析的文献资料的基础上，以甘肃省子午岭林区雷西高速公路边坡生态防护项目为背景，探讨适合该地域的生态防护的植物物种及对边坡稳定性的影响。首先，对现有黄土地区的边坡防护形式进行分析，并且通过对现有的生态防护形式的技术比选，提出该区域合理的生态防护形式。然后调查该地区其他高速公路的边坡防护采取的植物，并结合子午岭林区自身的植被分布特性，并参照相关文献资料，提出适合该研究区域的生态防护植物物种。其次，对于选取的生态防护形式和植物物种，在现场选取典型边坡进行土中应力和位移的实时监测，并且通过与素土边坡的对比来验证生态防护的效果。再次，对工程实体模型和根系模型进行简化，建立有限差分模型并计算，分别对局部模型有无植物根系的边坡应力场进行分析和比较，结果表明根系可以降低浅层土体中的应力水平，即生态防护的效果受到植物根系深度的影响。最后，利用强度折减法，对整体边坡稳定性分析，得出含根边坡和素土边坡的安全系数。结果表明植物根系对超出根系影响范围的深层滑坡没有明显加固作用，但植物防护后浅层土体的塑性应变和水平位移值都有所降低，可以看出生态防护对浅层边坡应力的改善及稳定性是有利的。
[Abstract]:With the rapid economic development of our country, the construction of highway and tunnel has led to a large number of earthwork excavation, destroyed the original vegetation, destroyed the original ecological balance, if the bare rock and soil slope is not protected, It is easy to cause a series of problems, such as soil erosion, ecological environment damage, slope instability, and even collapse, which bring huge losses. Ecological slope protection technology combines with the research results of geotechnical engineering, ecological restoration engineering, botany and other multi-disciplinary fields, such as geotechnical engineering, ecological restoration engineering, botany and so on. Using the principle of plant culvert water and soil to protect rock and soil slope, ecological slope protection technology takes into account the stability of slope and the restoration of vegetation, at the same time, it has the function of beautifying the environment and maintaining ecological balance. Although it belongs to the emerging form of slope protection, However, its rapid development is also the main development direction of slope protection engineering in the future. Based on the study of a large number of literatures on ecological protection, soil-fixing plant species and slope stability analysis at home and abroad, this paper takes the ecological protection project of Lei Xi expressway slope in Ziwuling forest area of Gansu Province as the background. To study the plant species suitable for ecological protection in this area and its influence on slope stability. First of all, through the analysis of the existing slope protection forms in loess areas, and through the comparison of the existing ecological protection forms, The reasonable ecological protection form in this area is put forward. Then the plants used in slope protection of other expressway in this area are investigated, and the vegetation distribution characteristics of Ziwuling forest area are combined with the reference to relevant literature. Ecological protected plant species suitable for the study area are proposed. Secondly, for the selected ecological protection form and plant species, select the typical slope in the field to carry on the real-time monitoring of the stress and displacement in the soil, and verify the effect of ecological protection by comparing with the plain soil slope. Thirdly, the engineering entity model and the root model are simplified, the finite difference model is established and calculated, and the stress field of the slope with or without plant roots in the local model is analyzed and compared. The results showed that root system could reduce the stress level in shallow soil, that is, the effect of ecological protection was affected by the depth of plant root system. Finally, by using the strength reduction method, the stability of the whole slope is analyzed, and the safety factors of the root slope and the plain soil slope are obtained. The results show that the plant root system has no obvious effect on the deep landslide beyond the influence of the root system. But the plastic strain and horizontal displacement of shallow soil are decreased after plant protection. It can be seen that ecological protection is beneficial to the improvement and stability of shallow slope stress.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U417.12

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