广州天河区部分主干路网交通拥堵仿真与改善

发布时间：2018-03-30 22:31

本文选题：可变车道　切入点：潮汐车流　出处：《广东工业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济的不断发展,人民的生活水平不断提高,城市交通拥堵现象也与日俱增。交通拥堵的治理与改善的重要研究内容,是当前国际交通领域中的研究热点之一。其中可变车道的应用更是改善交通环境,提高道路利用率的一种重要途径。在城市道路建设有限资源的情况下,充分挖掘合理利用城市道路的现有资源是缓解城市交通拥堵状况的有效手段,尤其是在上下班高峰时段车流缓慢甚至堵车的情况,在广州天河区的各大主干道经常可见,因此在这些路段实施可变车道改善道路拥堵,有一定的现实研究意义。本文通过对广州市天河区的路网现状的分析,归纳总结了天河区各大主干道的道路状况,并通过实地调研及从交警部门获取相关的道路数据,通过数据分析得出各主干道的交通流量时间分布特性以及双向车道的交通流量分布系数。根据天河区的实际路网情况,利用交通仿真仿真软件Paramics中的Modeller模块建立天河区主干路网。根据时间特性选取仿真起讫时间,并对早晚高峰时间段内的交通流数据进行分析处理,得到初始的路网仿真数据,再通过Estimator模块进行OD矩阵的估计,完成路网的需求设置进行仿真。仿真后,利用Analyser模块调出仿真报告,根据仿真报告中的数据,分析得出路网的拥堵情况及等级。然后分析路网的中的主干道是否达到可变车道的实施条件,对满足实施条件且车道双方向交通流量存在极不均衡现象、双向车道分布系数差异较大的主干道实施可变车道的改善策略,通过分析得出广州大道和科韵路均可实施可变车道进行拥堵改善,对广州大道以及科韵路分布提出可变车道的实施方案,并通过对比筛选最优方案,并在Paramics中按照最优方案设置可变车道进行仿真试验,并通过Analyser模块得出实施可变车道后的仿真报告。最后通过对实施可变车道方案前后的仿真报告对比,从报告中提取出车辆平均速度以及平均延误时间两项参数进行分析对比,判断改善方法的可行性。通过两次仿真的对比,最终可得出结论,在早晚高峰时段,即在工作日的“7：00-9：00”以及“17：00-19：00”两个时段,对广州大道及科韵路实施可变车道方案,对交通拥堵的治理有明显效果。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the improvement of people's living standard, urban traffic congestion is increasing day by day.The important research content of traffic congestion management and improvement is one of the research hotspots in the field of international traffic.The application of variable lane is an important way to improve traffic environment and improve road utilization ratio.In the case of limited resources for urban road construction, it is an effective means to make full use of the existing resources of urban roads to alleviate the traffic congestion, especially during the rush hour, when the traffic flow is slow or even traffic jams.The main roads in Tianhe District of Guangzhou are often visible, so the implementation of variable lanes in these sections to improve road congestion has a certain practical significance.Based on the analysis of the road network status in Tianhe District of Guangzhou City, this paper summarizes the road status of the main roads in Tianhe District, and obtains relevant road data from traffic police departments through field investigation.Through the data analysis, the time distribution characteristics of traffic flow and the traffic flow distribution coefficient of two-way lanes are obtained.According to the actual road network in Tianhe area, the main road network in Tianhe area is established by using the Modeller module of traffic simulation software Paramics.According to the time characteristics, the simulation start time is selected, and the traffic flow data in the morning and evening rush hours are analyzed and processed, and the initial road network simulation data are obtained, and then the OD matrix is estimated by Estimator module.The requirements of the road network are set up and simulated.After the simulation, the simulation report is sent out by using Analyser module. According to the data in the simulation report, the congestion situation and the grade of the road network are analyzed.Then it analyzes whether the main road in the road network meets the implementation conditions of the variable lane, which has a very uneven phenomenon to meet the implementation conditions and the traffic flow of both sides of the carriageway to the traffic.The main road with different bidirectional lane distribution coefficient implements the improvement strategy of variable lane. Through the analysis, it is concluded that both Guangzhou Avenue and Keyun Road can implement variable lane congestion improvement.The implementation scheme of variable lane is put forward for the distribution of Guangzhou Avenue and Keyun Road, and the optimal scheme is screened by comparison, and the simulation experiment is carried out in Paramics according to the optimal scheme.And through the Analyser module to get the implementation of the variable lane simulation report.Finally, through the comparison of the simulation report before and after the implementation of the variable lane scheme, the average speed and the average delay time of the vehicle are extracted from the report for analysis and comparison, and the feasibility of the improved method is judged.Through the comparison of two simulations, it is concluded that in the morning and evening rush hour, that is, "7: 00-9: 00" and "17: 00-19: 00" on weekdays, the implementation of variable lane scheme for Guangzhou Avenue and Keyun Road has obvious effect on traffic congestion management.
【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.265

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