应急情况下城市交叉口交通信号控制研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 19:42

本文选题：应急情况　切入点：交叉口信号控制　出处：《兰州交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市交通信号控制是一个长期以来倍受关注的问题，大到城市规划，小到市民出行。特别需要指出的是应急情况下的交通控制，，城市的突发性事件在近几年数量不断地增多，例如 5·12汶川地震‖的类似特殊情况发生时，在紧急疏散的同时还要进行紧急救援，以便尽可能快的将处于危险中的人员转移到安全或有医疗设施的地点，减少因得不到及时救助而受到深度伤害甚至死亡的机会。我们将疏散车辆和救援车辆统称为应急车辆，由于应急车辆运行的紧急性，通常希望它们尽可能快的到达救援地点或医疗场所。然而，现在普遍存在的交通拥堵使得应急车辆很难迅速、安全的到达目的地，而且应急车辆的运行可能会进一步加剧交通拥堵，甚至造成新的事故。为保证应急车辆的平稳运行可以从两个层次入手考虑：第一个是网络层次，其任务是确定起终点之间的最快路线，使应急车辆可以沿着该路线尽快到达目的地；第二个是交叉口层次，其要求是保证车辆安全迅速的通过交叉口。尽管网络层次是要寻找车辆运行的最短路线，相对比较容易，但是目前的研究集中在交叉口信号控制方面。所以本文针对应急情况下的城市信号交叉口控制方式做具体分析。首先，分析国内外研究现状。分析交叉口控制的模型和方法，借鉴已有经验找出解决本课题的方法模型，结合当前应急情况下的交通现状，找出合理的交通模型；并通过结合分析传统的信号控制和现代控制技术给出混合Petri网模型控制的概念。其次，本文对应急情况、应急车辆、应急车流做了理论研究，给出不考虑应急情况的交叉口延误分析。理论界定使问题的分析更加具有针对性，同时明确应急车辆有限通过信号交叉口的条件，并且对一般情况下城市交通系统中通过信号交叉口的车辆做延误分析。再次，建立应急情况下城市信号交叉口的混合Petri网模型。分析Petri网模型，建立城市信号交叉口混合Petri网模型，并对应急情况下交叉口信号控制Petri模型做进一部分析。最后，采用遗传算对模型进行演算，并计算机软件Matlab（R2009a）仿真。提出优先控制策略，并将应急情况下的交叉口信号Petri网模型同不考虑应急情况的信号控制延误做对比分析。
[Abstract]:Urban traffic signal control is a problem that has been paid more attention for a long time, ranging from urban planning to citizen travel.In particular, it should be pointed out that traffic control in emergency situations. The number of sudden incidents in cities has been increasing in recent years. For example, when similar special circumstances occurred in the Wenchuan earthquake of No. 5 12, emergency rescue should be carried out at the same time as emergency evacuation.In order to move people at risk to safe or medical facilities as quickly as possible, and reduce the chances of deep injury or even death due to lack of timely assistance.We call evacuation vehicles and rescue vehicles as emergency vehicles. Because of the emergency operation of emergency vehicles, they are usually expected to reach the rescue site or medical site as soon as possible.However, the existing traffic jams make it difficult for emergency vehicles to reach their destination quickly and safely, and the operation of emergency vehicles may further aggravate traffic congestion and even cause new accidents.In order to ensure the smooth operation of the emergency vehicle, we can consider from two levels: the first is the network level, its task is to determine the fastest route between the terminal points, so that the emergency vehicle can reach the destination as soon as possible along the route;The second is the level of intersection, whose requirement is to ensure that vehicles pass through intersections safely and quickly.Although the network level is relatively easy to find the shortest route of vehicle operation, the current research focuses on intersection signal control.Therefore, this paper makes a specific analysis on the control mode of urban signalized intersection under the emergency situation.First of all, the current situation of domestic and foreign research is analyzed.This paper analyzes the model and method of intersection control, finds out the method model to solve this problem by referring to the existing experience, and finds out the reasonable traffic model according to the current traffic situation in emergency situation.Combined with traditional signal control and modern control technology, the concept of hybrid Petri net model control is presented.Secondly, this paper makes a theoretical study on emergency situation, emergency vehicle and emergency vehicle flow, and gives the analysis of intersection delay without considering emergency situation.The theoretical definition makes the analysis of the problem more pertinent, at the same time, the condition of the emergency vehicles passing through the signalized intersection is clear, and the delay analysis of the vehicles passing through the signalized intersections in the urban traffic system is made in general.Thirdly, a hybrid Petri net model of urban signalized intersection is established.The Petri net model is analyzed, and the mixed Petri net model of urban signalized intersection is established, and the Petri model of intersection signal control under emergency condition is analyzed.Finally, genetic algorithm is used to calculate the model and computer software Matlab / R 2009a is used to simulate the model.The priority control strategy is proposed, and the model of intersection signal Petri net in emergency situation is compared with the signal control delay without considering the emergency situation.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.54

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