城市快速路指路标志及管理性标志设计研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 20:03

本文选题：快速路 + 交通标志　；参考：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济水平的不断提高，城市小汽车保有量逐年增加，城市道路交通压力愈来愈严重。快速路作为城市道路的重要组成部分，其快速、高效、安全的运行要求已成为城市发展的首要前提；而交通标志作为快速路系统的一部分，随着快速路上交通量的增大，常常出现道路交通混乱、速度不达标、信息层次不分明、出入口间距过小、出入口交通组织与交通标志的设置冲突、交通标志视线遮挡等问题，因而如何解决这些问题，使快速路交通标志设置具有科学性已成为近年来标志研究刻不容缓的课题。快速路交通标志是否具有科学性其关键在于其设置是否符合驾驶员的视认性和实际行车要求。通过对驾驶员的认知特性入手，分析驾驶员在行车过程中视认标志的过程，进而给出在实际行车时标志设置应满足的相关距离，使之符合驾驶员的心理规律；而后从视线遮挡因素考虑，分别对标志沿路侧设置和沿路中布设的支撑方式进行了概率研究，使实际选择过程中有据可依。在研究驾驶员视认性和实际行车要求基础上，为了提高标志认读率和信息有效率，分别采用冗余技术和标志性地物信息选取对快速路交通标志的设置方法进行研究。在冗余技术中，结合标志认知特性，对快速路指路标志应具有的冗余度和间距给出了计算公式；在标志性地物信息选取上，采用信息分层、分级的方法进行决策，从而综合这两种情况和快速路交通标志的设置位置提出了交通标志冗余设置的方法。另外，为缓解快速路交通压力，对快速路的管理性标志方案进行了相关设计。以交通调查为依托，初步确定了快速路的管理方案，，通过模糊综合评价模型对方案的优劣进行了评价确定，而后结合道路实际状况和驾驶员视认性，对快速路的管理性标志版面形式、设置位置作了相关研究和规定。最后，通过对西安市二环路及其周边区域的禁限路网进行了分析，通过标志性地物信息选取方法、冗余间距设置方法、模糊综合评估方法对此区域的交通标志进行了实例分析。
[Abstract]:With the continuous improvement of economic level in our country, the number of urban cars is increasing year by year, and the pressure of urban road traffic is becoming more and more serious.As an important part of the urban road, the fast, efficient and safe operation requirement of the expressway has become the first prerequisite of the urban development. As a part of the expressway system, traffic signs increase with the increase of the traffic volume on the expressway.There are many problems such as road traffic confusion, speed substandard, information level not clear, entrance and exit distance too small, traffic organization and traffic sign set up conflict, traffic sign line of sight occlusion and so on, so how to solve these problems,In recent years, it has become an urgent task for the study of expressway traffic signs to be scientific.Whether the expressway traffic sign is scientific or not, the key lies in whether the setting accords with the driver's recognition and actual driving requirements.Based on the cognitive characteristics of the driver, this paper analyzes the recognition process of the driver in the driving process, and then gives the relevant distance to be satisfied when setting the mark in the actual driving to make it conform to the psychological law of the driver.Then, considering the factors of line of sight occlusion, the paper studies the probability of the setting of the side of the sign and the supporting mode of the layout along the road respectively, so that the actual selection process can be supported by evidence.Based on the study of drivers' recognition and actual driving requirements, in order to improve the recognition rate of signs and the efficiency of information, the method of setting traffic signs on expressway is studied by using redundant technology and landmark feature information selection respectively.In the redundancy technology, combining with the cognitive characteristics of the sign, the calculation formula for the redundancy and the spacing of the expressway road guide sign is given, and the method of information stratification and classification is used to make the decision in the selection of the information of the landmarks.The method of redundant setting of traffic sign is put forward by synthesizing these two cases and the location of traffic sign on expressway.In addition, in order to alleviate the traffic pressure of expressway, the management sign scheme of expressway is designed.Based on the traffic investigation, the management scheme of expressway is preliminarily determined, and the advantages and disadvantages of the scheme are evaluated by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model, and then combined with the actual road situation and driver's recognition,This paper studies and prescribes the layout of the management sign of expressway.Finally, through the analysis of the forbidden road network of the second Ring Road in Xi'an City and its surrounding area, the traffic signs in this area are analyzed by the methods of selecting the information of landmarks, setting redundant spacing and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.52

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