基于虚拟现实的敞开式硬岩隧道掘进机视景仿真系统开发

发布时间：2018-04-11 01:02

本文选题：敞开式硬岩隧道掘进机 + 虚拟现实　；参考：《东北大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：虚拟现实技术(Virtual Reality)是由计算机与电子相结合产生的新技术,它综合应用传感器、人工智能、立体显示等多项技术模拟出具有真实感与沉浸感的人工虚拟环境。虚拟现实技术产生的是一种多感知虚拟环境,除了常见的视觉感知以外,还包括听觉、嗅觉和触觉等其他方面的感知。借助视觉显示设备与人机交互设备,虚拟现实系统可以使使用者实时感知与操作虚拟场景中的对象,得到身临其境感受。虚拟现实技术由于强大的人机交互能力,现已广泛应用于工业设计与制造、军事、航天、医学康复、影视、考古研究、教育等多个领域。随着计算机技术的不断发展,拥有“低成本、高性能”特点的虚拟现实技术展现出越来越大的发展前景。立体显示系统是虚拟现实系统中的重要组成,是进行交互性操作的基础。全断面隧道掘进机(Full Face Rock Tunnel Boring Machine)是集液压、机械、电子、电气、控制等多项技术于一体,应用于隧道施工的高度机械化与自动化的大型工程设备。掘进机具有综合效益好、自动化程度高、不受外界气候影响等诸多优点,是现在隧道施工使用最普遍、应用前景最广阔的机械设备。本文研究的敞开式硬岩隧道掘进机适用于硬岩地层的开挖,破岩机理主要是在刀盘与滚刀的综合作用下,岩石产生沟槽的深度不断加深进而发生断裂,最后从岩石表面剥落下来完成破岩。未来的几十年内,我国城市地铁工程、山路交通、越江穿海隧道等各项建设需要各种不同直径、不同类型的隧道需要开挖,掘进机市场需求巨大并会在未来一段时间持续增长,因此加大对TBM的理论研究和产品开发力度将是非常必要的。由于掘进机特殊的施工布置环境使得我们很难进行观察研究,所以运用虚拟现实技术对施工场景进行施工模拟是一个很好的研究途径,并且对于其它大型工程机械设备也具有很好的工程适用性。本文主要研究内容是敞开式硬岩隧道掘进机视景仿真系统开发。课题以德国维尔特公司生产的803E敞开式硬岩隧道掘进机作为研究对象,基于MultiGen Creator完成敞开式硬岩隧道掘进机施工场景的框架构建,并对材质、纹理映射、布告板技术、LOD技术、实例化技术做进行了深入的研究。综合使用以上技术创建了逼真的施工场景,很好地满足了虚拟视景仿真的需要。采用自顶向下的装配设计方法,在Pro/E软件中构建敞开式硬岩隧道掘进机的三维模型,按照运动关系对各个部件进行装配调整,并通过转换得到可以在虚拟现实软件中处理的数据格式,完成掘进机模型在虚拟现实环境下的装配。对掘进机施工过程的运动部件设置了DOF节点,并对掘进机数据模型进行了优化,生产了OpenFlight数据格式。基于MultiGen Vega软件的LynX界面,对掘进机模型与虚拟场景进行了配置,生产了程序定义文件。采用Visual C++6.0作为编译环境,在MFC框架下开发了Vega应用程序,完成了掘进机复杂施工过程的模拟,并具有很好的交互性。通过被动立体投影系统,得到了具有沉浸感的掘进机施工立体显示效果。
[Abstract]:Virtual reality technology (Virtual Reality) is a combination of computer and electronic technology produced, its comprehensive application of sensor, artificial intelligence, etc. stereo display technology to simulate virtual environment with artificial sense of reality and immersion. Virtual reality technology is a multisensory virtual environment, in addition to the visual perception of common also, including auditory, olfactory and tactile perception. With the help of other aspects of the visual display devices and human-computer interaction, virtual reality system can make the real-time operation and object perception in virtual scene, be personally on the scene feel. The virtual reality technology for interactive ability strong, has been widely used in design and manufacturing, industrial and military. Aerospace, medical rehabilitation, television, archaeological research, many fields of education. With the development of computer technology, with low cost, high performance characteristics The virtual reality technology prospects for development more and more. The stereoscopic display system is an important component in virtual reality system, is the basis for interactive operation. TBM (Full Face Rock Tunnel Boring Machine) is a set of hydraulic, mechanical, electronic, electrical, control and other technology, large highly mechanized engineering equipment used in tunnel construction and automation. The roadheader has good comprehensive benefits, high degree of automation, many advantages from the outside world weather, is now the most commonly used construction machinery and equipment, the most promising excavation. Open hard rock tunnel boring machine in this paper is suitable for hard rock strata, rock breaking mechanism is mainly on the comprehensive effect of cutter and hob, rock groove depth deepening and fracture, finally peeled off from the surface of the rock breaking down Rock. The next few decades, the city subway project, China's road traffic, the construction of river crossing tunnel Chuanhai with different diameter, different types of tunnel boring machine to excavation, huge market demand and continued growth in the next period of time, thus increase the TBM theoretical research and product development efforts will be necessary. As the construction layout of TBM special environment makes it difficult to study, so the construction simulation of the construction scene is a good way to research the use of virtual reality technology, and also has a good engineering applicability for other large engineering machinery and equipment. The main content of this paper is open hard rock tunnel boring machine visual simulation system development project. Produced by German Wirth 803E open hard rock tunnel boring machine as the research object, based on the MultiGen Creator. A framework of open type hard rock tunnel boring machine construction scene, and the material, texture mapping, bulletin board technology, LOD technology, instantiation technology is studied. Using the above technology comprehensive construction to create a realistic scene, very good to meet the needs of virtual scene simulation. Using assembly design method the top-down construction of three-dimensional model of open type hard rock tunnel boring machine in the Pro/E software, the assembly adjustment on various components according to motion relations, and can handle in virtual reality software through the data format conversion, boring machine assembly model in virtual reality environment. The moving parts of TBM construction process set the DOF node, and the tunneling machine data model was optimized, and production of the OpenFlight data format. MultiGen Vega software based on LynX interface, the tunneling machine model and virtual field The scene is configured, the production procedure definition file. Using Visual C++6.0 as the compiling environment, Vega application development under the framework of MFC, completed the simulation of construction process of complex boring machine, and has good interactivity. The passive stereo projection system, obtained with TBM immersive stereoscopic display effect.

【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U455.31;TP391.9

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