双车道公路附加车道设置条件研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 02:18

本文选题：双车道公路 + 超车　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在我国的公路网中，双车道公路是十分普遍的公路形式，由于每条车道只能供一个方向的交通通行，当后方车辆出现超车需求时，必须利用对向车道才能完成超车。而我国机动车性能差异明显，在双车道公路交通量不大的情况下，超车需求尚且经常出现，当交通量较大时，超车需求则明显增加。但是，借助对向车道超车，驾驶人需要观察对向车道的交通流状况，选择合适的可超车间隙进行超车，而由于驾驶人的视认、感知、判断与决策受到道路、交通、环境等诸多因素的影响，势必存在失误风险。所以，双车道公路的超车行为成为影响双车道公路行车安全的重要问题所在，如何对其安全性进行定量评价便成为道路交通安全研究领域的研究热点与难点之一，也是增加双车道公路行车安全的重要决策依据，具有重要的实际意义。论文通过设计实车试验，制定了合理的数据采集方案，并对数据进行了合理的处理和分析。依据交通冲突时间与隶属度关系的变化趋势，建立了交通冲突隶属度函数，并采用德尔菲法确定了交通冲突等级的临界值，确定了以交通冲突时间为评价指标的双车道公路驾驶人超车行为安全评价方法。运用理论分析和回归分析相结合的方法，确定了交通冲突时间与设计速度和交通量之间的关系模型，基于已经建立的以交通冲突时间为评价指标的双车道公路驾驶人超车行为安全评价方法，给出了对应不同设计速度和不同安全等级的双车道公路设置附加车道的交通量条件。以理论分析为主，从工程经济性和汽车行驶安全性角度出发，，分别给出了可以不设置附加车道的双车道公路富裕宽度临界值、设置附加车道的圆曲线半径临界值以及设置附加车道的下坡坡度临界值。
[Abstract]:In the highway network of our country, the two-lane highway is a very common form of highway. Because each lane can only be used for one direction of traffic, when there is overtaking demand for rear vehicles, we must use the opposite lane to complete overtaking. However, there are obvious differences in the performance of motor vehicles in China. When the traffic volume of two-lane highway is not large, the overtaking demand often appears, and when the traffic volume is large, the overtaking demand increases obviously. However, with the aid of overtaking, the driver needs to observe the traffic flow in the driveway, select the appropriate overtaking gap to overtake, and because the driver's vision, perception, judgment and decision are affected by the road, traffic, The influence of many factors, such as environment, is bound to have the risk of error. Therefore, the overtaking behavior of two-lane highway has become an important problem affecting the traffic safety of two-lane highway. How to quantitatively evaluate the safety of two-lane highway becomes one of the hot and difficult research topics in the field of road traffic safety research. It is also an important decision-making basis for increasing the driving safety of two-lane highway, which is of great practical significance. In this paper, a reasonable data acquisition scheme is established by designing a real vehicle test, and the data is processed and analyzed reasonably. According to the changing trend of the relationship between traffic conflict time and membership degree, the membership function of traffic conflict is established, and the critical value of traffic conflict grade is determined by Delphi method. A safety evaluation method for overtaking behavior of two-lane highway drivers is established based on the time of traffic conflict. The relationship model between traffic conflict time and design speed and traffic volume is established by combining theoretical analysis and regression analysis. Based on the established safety evaluation method for overtaking behavior of two-lane highway drivers with traffic conflict time as the evaluation index, the traffic volume conditions of setting additional lanes for two-lane highways with different design speeds and different safety grades are given. Based on the theoretical analysis and from the point of view of engineering economy and vehicle driving safety, the critical values of the rich width of two-lane highway without additional lanes are given respectively. The critical value of circle curve radius and downhill slope of additional lane is set.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.22;U412.3

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