基于FPGA的全感应交通灯控制系统设计

发布时间：2018-04-29 12:22

本文选题：FPGA + 交通信号控制　；参考：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济的发展和城市化进程的不断加快，城市中的交通拥堵问题日益严重，交叉口处往往成为拥堵事件发生的高发区,这直接影响到人们的日常出行活动。传统交通控制器所广泛采用的固定配时信号方案灵活性较差，已经越来越不能满足交叉口处的交通需求。因此设计出合理、高效和可靠的交通控制器系统对于改善和提高城市交通状况具有重要意义。另外，交通控制系统发展的趋势是更多具有智能化的特点。结合这些因素，本课题提出了一种基于FPGA的全感应交通灯控制系统的设计方案。本课题在研究了城市交通信号控制理论的基础上，，提出以全感应的方式控制交叉口处的信号灯。这种方式以各个方向上传感器接收到的车流量数据为判断依据，当每个方向上都检测到有车时则遵循定时控制规律，当某个方向没有车时则可跳过该相位，以避免无效时间等待。与定时控制方式相比，该方式具有一些智能化的特点，可以有效提高车辆通行效率。在设计上，主要包括软件设计和硬件设计两个方面。软件方面首先根据设计上的功能要求，将系统拆分为各个子模块，利用VHDL语言对子模块进行功能描述，最后将各个模块连成系统。硬件上设计了系统的整体框架结构，并对系统中的重要模块进行了原理图设计和工作原理分析。系统整体的功能仿真结果表明该设计能够实现预期功能。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and the acceleration of urbanization in our country, traffic congestion in cities is becoming more and more serious. Intersection often becomes a high incidence area of congestion events, which directly affects people's daily travel activities. The traditional traffic controller is widely used in the fixed timing signal scheme, which is less flexible, and can not meet the traffic demand of intersection more and more. Therefore, it is important to design a reasonable, efficient and reliable traffic controller system for improving urban traffic conditions. In addition, traffic control system development trend is more intelligent characteristics. Combined with these factors, this paper presents a design scheme of a fully inductive traffic light control system based on FPGA. Based on the study of the theory of urban traffic signal control, this paper proposes to control the signal lights at intersections in a fully inductive manner. This method is based on the traffic flow data received by sensors in various directions. When there is a vehicle detected in each direction, the timing control law is followed, and the phase can be skipped when there is no vehicle in a certain direction. To avoid waiting for invalid time. Compared with the timing control mode, this method has some intelligent features and can effectively improve the vehicle traffic efficiency. In the design, mainly includes the software design and the hardware design two aspects. Firstly, according to the functional requirements of the design, the system is divided into sub-modules, and the sub-modules are described by VHDL language. Finally, each module is connected into a system. The whole frame structure of the system is designed in hardware, and the schematic design and working principle analysis of the important modules in the system are carried out. The simulation results of the whole system show that the design can achieve the expected function.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.51

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