城市轨道交通接运公交线路生成与调度方法研究

发布时间：2018-05-09 11:39

本文选题：轨道交通 + 接运公交　；参考：《吉林大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于社会经济的快速发展以及城市化进程的逐年加快，居民小汽车拥有量呈现递增趋势，由城市内部交通堵塞导致的出行难问题日益突出。城市公交的发展是城市可持续发展的前提要求，也是构建环境友好型和资源节约型社会的必然条件，同时也是建设和谐社会的重大举措。由于轨道交通建设的投资和规模的巨大，，轨道交通的线路呈现固定性的布局结构，具有刚性布局特征；地面的公交线网呈现弹性布局特点，所以其可调性相对较大。因而，轨道交通与接运公交网络的一体化衔接要以轨道交通线路为基本骨架，并基于轨道交通来对常规公交网络的衔接进行优化。整体的公交系统的衔接组织要强调自上而下的疏散以及自下而上的汇集。伴随着轨道交通的骨干功能地位的确立，常规地面的公交网络要以服务范围的扩大、走廊客运能力的完善和向轨道线路客流的有效集散等方面转化。因而，轨道交通必须配备良好的换乘体系，建成轨道交通与其它交通方式特别是常规公交的一体化交通系统，才能有效扩大其服务范围，充分发挥其最佳运输效能，提高网络整体效益。本文基于上述认识，遵循科学发展观，突出“以人为本”的交通发展理念，对接运需求下的接运公交线网进行优化和合理调度，充分保证接运公交运行效率最大化和成本最小化。以实现人的高效通行、轨道与地面公交一体化的无缝换乘进而提高交通网络的整体效率，以打造以公交为导向的城市发展模式。本文首先对接运公交的含义以及它在公交体系中的定位进行了说明，并对轨道交通与接运公交的衔接模式进行综述。进而对轨道交通与接运线网协调方法进行了说明。然后，通过比较分析轨道交通网络和常规公交网络的相互关系，对接运公交的形成及作用进行了具体分析。并对接运公交的布设范围和接运公交的候选线路集合进行分析，从而建立了相应的求解算法，为之后的模型建立及求解做铺垫。随之，在以上分析的基础上构建了轨道-公交接运公交线网优化模型。模型主要在考虑不同接运站点在不同时间接运需求的基础上，以最大化接运公交有效服务乘客量、最小化乘客时间成本以及最小化接运网络运营成本为目标，建立多目标规划模型。随后，比较分析现有的优化算法并选择遗传算法对所建立的多目标优化模型进行分析求解。最后，通过实例对模型和算法进行了验证。结果表明本文提出的接运公交网络优化模型具备良好的可行性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy and the acceleration of urbanization, the ownership of cars is increasing, and the problem of travel difficulty caused by the traffic jam in the city is becoming more and more serious. The development of urban public transport is not only the prerequisite for sustainable urban development, but also an inevitable condition for the construction of environment-friendly and resource-saving society, as well as an important measure to build a harmonious society. Because of the huge investment and scale of the construction of rail transit, the track of rail transit presents a fixed layout structure with rigid layout characteristics, and the public transport network on the ground has the characteristics of flexible layout, so it is relatively adjustable. Therefore, the integration of rail transit and transit network should be based on the rail transit line as the basic skeleton, and based on the rail transit to optimize the conventional bus network. The overall transit system should be organized in a top-down evacuation and bottom-up aggregation. With the establishment of the backbone function of rail transit, the conventional ground transit network should be transformed from the expansion of service scope, the improvement of corridor passenger transport capacity and the effective distribution of passenger flow to rail lines. Therefore, rail transit must be equipped with a good transfer system and build an integrated transport system between rail transit and other modes of transportation, especially conventional public transport, in order to effectively expand its service range and give full play to its best transport efficiency. Improve the overall efficiency of the network. Based on the above understanding, following the scientific concept of development, highlighting the "people-oriented" concept of traffic development, connecting the transport network under the demand for transportation to optimize and reasonable scheduling, Ensure the maximum efficiency and minimum cost of bus transportation. In order to achieve the efficient passage of people, the integration of track and ground public transport seamless transfer, and then improve the overall efficiency of the transportation network, to create a transit oriented urban development model. In this paper, the meaning of bus transportation and its position in public transport system are explained, and the connection mode between rail transit and transit is summarized. Furthermore, the coordination method between rail transit and transportation network is explained. Then, through the comparative analysis of the relationship between the rail transit network and the conventional public transport network, the formation and function of the docking transit are analyzed in detail. By analyzing the layout range of public transportation and the set of candidate routes, the corresponding algorithm is established, which lays the groundwork for the later model establishment and solution. Then, on the basis of above analysis, the optimization model of rail-bus transit network is constructed. On the basis of considering the demand of different transportation stations at different time, the model aims at maximizing the number of passengers serving public transport effectively, minimizing the cost of passenger time and minimizing the operation cost of the network. A multi-objective programming model is established. Then, the existing optimization algorithms are compared and the genetic algorithm is selected to analyze and solve the multi-objective optimization model. Finally, the model and algorithm are verified by an example. The results show that the proposed bus network optimization model is feasible.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U12

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