隧道地质灾害风险评估及超前地质预报方法研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 01:27

  本文选题：隧道工程 + TSP系统　； 参考：《吉林大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来我国交通基础设施发展迅猛，高速公路建设如火如荼，而我国幅员辽阔，各地地质地形条件差异较大，公路中包含的隧道部分也不断增多，尤其随着2000年国家的西部大开发战略实施之后，西南地区的高速公路里程陡然增加，隧道里程也随之迅速增加。而在隧道的建设过程中，，由于地质条件的复杂性以及技术条件所限，很多时候无法在前期勘察设计阶段将遂址区隐藏的灾害性地质条件全部勘测出来，这就为施工过程带来了隐患。为了最大可能的减少地质灾害的出现，保障隧道施工过程中的安全，本文对隧道地质灾害进行了施工风险评估与地质灾害超前预报研究，主要研究内容及成果如下： 在对各种超前预报技术进行比较的基础上，重点分析了TSP隧道超前地质预报分析系统的基本工作原理。在此基础上，重点论述了岩体的弹性性质、地震波的运动学理论以及弹性波理论，详细说明了地震波在不同介质中传播的基本特性和衰减规律，体现了TSP隧道超前地质预报分析系统在隧道超前地质预报分析中的优越性。 抚松隧道多数洞段埋藏较深，有F1断层通过，基本垂直洞线分布，宽4.00m，为陡倾角断层，洞身围岩多数为弱透水岩体，渗透系数不大于0.1m/d，不会出现大量涌水现象，但隧道通过沟谷下部和断层破碎带涌水量增大时，需采取有效措施将地下水排出洞外，含钙质粉砂质泥岩失水后易软化崩解，工程地质条件相对较差。在具体分析施工区域自然状况与地质构造的基础上，对测试现场进行了科学、合理的传感器及其附属设备的布设，并严格按照规范步骤对检测数据进行采集和分析，从而确定出岩体特性以及围岩等级。检测结果表明，利用TSP系统对隧道进行地质超前预报具有较高的准确率，而且预报距离较长，数据处理时间较短，对施工影响较小。利用该系统可以为隧道施工提供重要的地质信息，对隧道施工的安全顺利进行起到举足轻重的指导作用。 通过对目前几种常用隧道地质灾害风险评估方法进行比较，选定层次分析法对隧道地质灾害风险进行评估。根据遂址区围岩等级的不同，分为三段风险评估区段，根据评估结果，结合风险因素核对表，得到Ⅲ级围岩区段主要风险事件为塌方，Ⅳ级围岩区段主要风险事件也为塌方，Ⅴ级围岩区段主要风险事件为塌方和突水。 通过采用TSP地质超前预报方法与地质灾害风险评估方法综合超前预报，可以更加准确有效的确定隧道施工前方掌子面的地质条件及相应可能发生的风险事件，更加有针对性的进行施工准备工作及预防措施，对隧道施工的安全顺利进行起到举足轻重的指导作用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the transportation infrastructure of our country develops rapidly, the highway construction is in full swing, and our country has a vast territory, the geological and topographic conditions are quite different, the tunnel part included in the highway is also increasing. Especially with the implementation of the western development strategy in 2000, the expressway mileage in Southwest China increased sharply and the tunnel mileage increased rapidly. In the process of tunnel construction, due to the complexity of geological conditions and technical conditions, it is often impossible to survey all the hidden hazardous geological conditions in the completion area in the early stage of investigation and design. This brings hidden trouble to the construction process. In order to minimize the occurrence of geological hazards and ensure the safety of tunnel construction, this paper studies the construction risk assessment and geological hazard prediction of tunnel geological hazards. The main research contents and results are as follows: Based on the comparison of various advanced prediction techniques, the basic working principle of TSP tunnel advanced geological prediction analysis system is analyzed emphatically. On this basis, the elastic properties of rock mass, the kinematics theory of seismic wave and the theory of elastic wave are discussed, and the basic characteristics and attenuation law of seismic wave propagation in different media are explained in detail. The superiority of TSP tunnel advanced geological forecast and analysis system in tunnel advanced geological forecast analysis is demonstrated. Most of the holes in Fusong tunnel are deep buried, with F1 faults passing through, basically vertical tunnel line distribution, 4.00m wide, steep dip fault, most of the surrounding rock is weakly permeable rock mass, the permeability coefficient is not more than 0.1 m / d, and there will not be a large amount of water gushing. However, when the tunnel passes through the lower part of the gully and the fault fracture zone, it is necessary to take effective measures to drain the groundwater out of the tunnel. The calcareous silty mudstone is liable to soften and collapse after losing water, and the engineering geological conditions are relatively poor. Based on the concrete analysis of the natural condition and geological structure of the construction area, the scientific and reasonable arrangement of the sensor and its auxiliary equipment is carried out on the test site, and the test data are collected and analyzed strictly in accordance with the standard steps. The characteristics of rock mass and the grade of surrounding rock are determined. The test results show that the geological advance prediction of tunnel by TSP system has high accuracy, and the distance of prediction is longer, the time of data processing is shorter, and the influence on construction is less. The system can provide important geological information for tunnel construction and play an important role in guiding tunnel construction safely and smoothly. Through the comparison of several commonly used tunnel geological hazard risk assessment methods, AHP is selected to evaluate the tunnel geological hazard risk. According to the different grade of surrounding rock in the site area, it is divided into three sections of risk assessment section. According to the evaluation results and the risk factor check table, it is concluded that the main risk event of grade 鈪

本文编号：1903778