基于脆弱性分析的随机路网设计

发布时间：2018-05-21 00:07

本文选题：脆弱性 + 随机路网　；参考：《西南交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：路网脆弱性是对网络组成单元遭受破坏而导致网络性能降低甚至完全无法运行的潜在可能性的一种描述,研究道路交通网络脆弱性对于更深刻地认识路网在面临各种破坏性事件时的应对能力和运行性能非常重要。目前脆弱性在道路网络的规划设计中的应用还未受到足够的重视。在道路网络规划和设计中考虑脆弱性有助于道路管理部门更加科学合理地分配可用的资源并采取更有针对性的措施来对网络进行改进,从而降低路网所面临的风险,构建更加稳定、可靠的网络。本文将道路网络脆弱性作为网络设计的重要考虑因素,构建了基于脆弱性的网络设计模型。首先对路网脆弱性与传统的可靠性以及风险的概念进行了比较,分析了道路网络脆弱性的影响因素,并分别基于网络备用能力和网络效率构建了路网脆弱性评价指标。其次,将所构建的两种指标应用于路网中关键路段的识别,并与传统的基于饱和度的识别方法所得出的结果进行了对比。同时,考虑了道路网络中的随机因素并从网络关键路段识别的角度对随机交通需求以及路段随机退化情景下路网的脆弱性进行了分析。算例结果表明忽视随机因素将无法对路网脆弱性做出准确的评价。最后,将脆弱性引入道路网络设计问题当中,建立了具有脆弱性约束的道路网络设计问题模型,基于遗传算法和仿真方法设计了模型的求解方法,并对基于关键路段和基于非关键路段两种网络设计策略的结果进行了比较分析。算例分析结果表明通过对网络中路段通行能力的改进可以起到改善道路网络脆弱性的效果,当在网络设计中具有较低和中等脆弱性规避倾向时,基于所建立的模型,两种网络设计策略均能一定程度地改善路网的脆弱性,而在较高的脆弱性规避倾向下,采用这两种策略均无法得到符合要求的结果。
[Abstract]:Network vulnerability is a description of the potential for network components to be damaged, resulting in network performance degradation or even total failure to function. It is very important to study the vulnerability of road traffic network in order to better understand the coping ability and operation performance of road network in the face of various destructive events. At present, the application of vulnerability in the planning and design of road network has not been paid enough attention. Consideration of vulnerability in the planning and design of road networks helps road management to allocate available resources more scientifically and rationally and to take more targeted measures to improve the network, thereby reducing the risks faced by road networks, Build a more stable and reliable network. In this paper, the vulnerability of road network is considered as an important factor in network design, and a network design model based on vulnerability is constructed. Firstly, the paper compares road network vulnerability with traditional concepts of reliability and risk, analyzes the influencing factors of road network vulnerability, and constructs the evaluation index of road network vulnerability based on network standby capacity and network efficiency respectively. Secondly, the two indexes are applied to the identification of the key sections in the road network, and the results are compared with the traditional methods based on saturation. At the same time, considering the random factors in the road network and analyzing the stochastic traffic demand and the vulnerability of the road network under the random degradation scenario from the point of view of the identification of the key sections of the network. The results show that ignoring random factors can not make an accurate evaluation of road network vulnerability. Finally, the vulnerability is introduced into the road network design problem, and the model of road network design problem with vulnerability constraints is established, and the solution method based on genetic algorithm and simulation method is designed. The results of two network design strategies based on critical and non-critical sections are compared and analyzed. The result of the example analysis shows that the improvement of the traffic capacity in the network can improve the vulnerability of the road network. When the network design has the tendency of low and medium vulnerability avoidance, the proposed model is based on the proposed model. The two network design strategies can improve the vulnerability of road network to a certain extent, but under the higher tendency of vulnerability avoidance, the two strategies can not get the required results.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U412.1

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