环形交叉口自适应控制模型与算法研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 04:14

本文选题：环形交叉口 + 运行特性　；参考：《重庆交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：环形交叉口作为一种重要的交叉口形式，在城市发展进程中曾发挥过重要的交通功能。然而，随着城市道路交通需求的不断增加，无信控环形交叉口交通拥堵、秩序混乱、事故频发等弊端日益凸显。为解决该问题，通常做法是在环形交叉口加装信号灯，主要有单重信号控制和左转二次停车控制。其中单重信号控制一般采用两相位或四相位固定配时，各股车流在运行过程中相互阻滞；左转二次停车是一种新颖的环形交叉口控制方式，但对交叉口几何条件和交通条件要求较高，在左转车比例较高时容易造成环道死锁。为探索环形交叉口新的控制方法，本文首先对国内外有关环形交叉口和信号控制相关理论研究进行回顾，分析现有研究存在的不足。其次对重庆市主城区环形交叉口的运行现状、中心岛直径、相交道路等情况进行实地调研，在充分了解环形交叉口几何特性的基础上，根据中心岛直径的不同，将信控环交分为微型环交、小型环交、中型环交和大型环交四类。为了更好的研究环形交叉口运行特性，分别分析了小型信控环交和大中型信控环交的进口道区域、出口道区域、环流区和交织区的车流运行特性。并在此基础上，针对小型环交的运行特性，提出了基于规则和优化模型的环交单进口放行自适应控制模型。该模型没有固定的相位顺序，而是在每个相位的绿灯结束时刻，以单位绿灯时间通过的车辆数最大为目标，，以排队长度和等待时间为限制条件，根据检测器采集的车辆到达信息选择下一绿灯相位并计算该相位所需要的绿灯持续时间。针对大中型环交的几何特性和交通运行特性，在单进口放行自适应控制的基础上，设计了相位组合方案更加灵活的多进口放行自适应控制模型。最后应用VISSIM4.3仿真分析，结果表明：小型环交在不同的流量均衡度下，单进口放行自适应控制模型相较于单重信号控制和左转二次停车控制，在减少交叉口平均延误、排队长度等方面均有较为明显的优势；大中型环交在非饱和交通状态下，多进口放行自适应控制相较于单重信号控制在减少交叉口平均延误和排队长度方面均有较明显的优势，相较于左转二次停车控制在减少交叉口平均延误方面有较明显的优势，但在减小排队长度方面只有轻微优势，主要原因是左转二次停车控制将进口道部分左转车排队转移至环内。实例交叉口仿真同样验证了本文研究成果的有效性和可行性。
[Abstract]:As an important intersection, roundabout has played an important traffic function in the process of urban development. However, with the increasing demand of urban road traffic, traffic congestion, disorder, frequent accidents and so on are becoming more and more serious. In order to solve this problem, signal lights are usually installed at roundabout, which mainly include single signal control and left turn secondary stop control. When single signal control is fixed with two or four phases, the flow of each unit blocks each other in the course of operation, and the second stop of left turn is a novel control method of circular intersection. However, the geometric conditions and traffic conditions of intersections are very high, and it is easy to cause loop deadlocks when the ratio of left to left turns is high. In order to explore a new control method for annular intersection, this paper reviews the theoretical research on annular intersection and signal control at home and abroad, and analyzes the shortcomings of existing research. Secondly, the operation status, diameter of central island, intersection road and so on in the main urban area of Chongqing are investigated. Based on the full understanding of the geometric characteristics of circular intersection, according to the difference of diameter of central island, The communication and control ring intersection is divided into four categories: micro ring intersection, small ring intersection, medium ring intersection and large ring intersection. In order to better study the operation characteristics of circular intersection, the traffic flow characteristics of small signal-controlled ring intersection and large and medium-sized signal-controlled ring intersection are analyzed, respectively. On the basis of this, an adaptive control model based on rules and optimization model for single inlet release of ring intersection is proposed, which is based on the operation characteristics of small ring intersection. The model does not have a fixed phase sequence, but at the end of each phase, the maximum number of vehicles passing per green time is taken as the target, and the queue length and waiting time are taken as the limiting conditions. According to the vehicle arrival information collected by the detector, the next green phase is selected and the green time required for that phase is calculated. Aiming at the geometric characteristics and traffic characteristics of large and medium-sized ring intersection, a multi-inlet adaptive control model with more flexible phase combination scheme is designed on the basis of single inlet release adaptive control. Finally, using VISSIM4.3 simulation analysis, the results show that the single inlet release adaptive control model can reduce the average delay of intersection compared with single signal control and left turn secondary stop control. There are obvious advantages in queue length, large and medium-sized ring intersection in unsaturated traffic state, multi-inlet adaptive control in comparison with single signal control in reducing the average delay and queue length of intersection has obvious advantages. Compared with the second stop control of left turn, it has obvious advantages in reducing the average delay of intersection, but it has only a slight advantage in reducing the length of queue. The main reason is that the second left turn stop control transfers the left-turn queue to the ring. The effectiveness and feasibility of the research results are also verified by the example intersection simulation.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.23

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