内河航道船只流量检测方法研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 04:26

本文选题：内河航道 + 船只流量监测　；参考：《上海交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：水声检测技术已发展多年,主要集中在海洋和军事领域,而在内河航道方面研究较少。内河航道受自身地理环境的影响,声场环境和海洋大不相同。尤其随着内河航道日益繁忙,对航道的全天候监测和内河船只流量的统计变得越来越重要。本文针对内河航运流量较大,特别是多艘船只同时通过时的船只计数难题,基于光纤水声传感器,提出了一种水声信号声压级阈值与强线谱时频特征相结合进行内河航道航运流量监测的方法。。时长45分钟的现场声压数据的处理结果验证了该方法的有效性。首先,介绍了船只辐射噪声方面的基本理论,重点介绍船只噪声的声源级特性及一些相关的时频分析理论。在此基础上,提出了一种声压级阈值与强线谱时频特征相结合进行内河航道航运流量监测的方法。该方法具有监测范围广、抗干扰能力强、可实时处理以及识别准确率高等特点。然后,设计了实现此流量统计算法所用到的监测系统,包括实验现场系统部分与PC端监测软件部分。通过对长时间河道实际流量数据的监测分析,验证了河道监测系统可准确、有效地监测实际河道中的船只流量。最后,以时长45分钟的现场声压数据的处理结果验证了该方法的有效性并展示了系统运行过程中软件界面的显示情况。
[Abstract]:Underwater acoustic detection technology has been developed for many years, mainly in the field of ocean and military, but less in inland waterway. The inland waterway is influenced by its own geographical environment, and the sound field environment and the ocean are very different. Especially as the inland waterway becomes more and more busy, it is more and more important to monitor the waterway all-weather and the statistics of inland vessel flow. In order to solve the problem of vessel counting when many ships pass simultaneously, based on fiber-optic acoustic sensors, this paper aims at the problem of large volume of inland navigation, especially the difficulty of counting ships when passing at the same time. This paper presents a method for monitoring the flow of inland waterways by combining the acoustic pressure threshold of underwater acoustic signals with the time-frequency characteristics of strong line spectrum. The processing results of field sound pressure data for 45 minutes verify the effectiveness of the method. Firstly, the basic theory of ship radiated noise is introduced, with emphasis on the sound source level characteristics of ship noise and some related time-frequency analysis theories. On the basis of this, a method of monitoring inland waterway shipping flow by combining the threshold of sound pressure level with the time-frequency characteristic of strong line spectrum is proposed. The method has the advantages of wide monitoring range, strong anti-interference ability, real-time processing and high recognition accuracy. Then, the monitoring system used to realize this algorithm is designed, including the system part of the experiment site and the software part of the PC terminal monitoring. Through monitoring and analyzing the actual discharge data of a long time channel, it is proved that the river channel monitoring system can accurately and effectively monitor the ship discharge in the actual river course. Finally, the validity of the method is verified by the processing results of the field sound pressure data for 45 minutes and the display of the software interface during the running process of the system is demonstrated.
【学位授予单位】：上海交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U692

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