沪昆高铁雪峰山隧道岩爆灾害评估与防治

发布时间：2018-05-31 09:30

本文选题：雪峰山 + 岩爆　；参考：《北京交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在深埋长大隧道中,岩爆是开挖过程中常遇到的工程地质灾害,一般认为岩爆是在高地应力条件下,硬脆性围岩因开挖卸荷导致洞壁围岩应力重新分布,岩体中贮存的弹性应变能突然释放的一种动力失稳现象。它严重威胁设备和施工人员的安全、影响工程的进度,己成为世界性的工程难题。开展岩爆形成机理、预测和防治方法研究,有效遏制高强度岩爆灾害的发生,避免岩爆灾害造成的设备损失、人员伤亡、工期延误,已成为我国广大工程技术人员亟待解决的重大课题。沪昆高铁湖南段雪峰山隧道埋深大、线路长,有可能产生岩爆灾害,针对这一问题,本文用多种方法对隧道各段进行了岩爆危险性预测,并重点分析了喷锚支护措施在防治岩爆方面的作用,并提出了雪峰山隧道岩爆分级综合防治措施。本文主要做了如下工作： (1)研究了雪峰山隧道隧址区自然地理特征、地层岩性、地质构造、水文地质特征和工程地质特征。 (2)简要对开挖后隧道围岩二次应力场进行了平面数值模拟,得到了隧道围岩二次应力场的分布特征。 (3)通过理论计算和数值模拟技术,应用应力强度比法(单指标),对隧道各段岩爆危险性进行了预测。同时,又基于模糊物元理论对隧道典型洞段岩爆危险性等级进行评价。并对两种预测方法进行了对比,得出基于模糊物元理论的岩爆评价方法要优于应力强度比法等单指标岩爆预测评价方法。 (4)使用有限差分软件FLAC3D进行数值模拟,分析喷锚支护措施在防治岩爆中的作用,得到了防治岩爆效果最好的锚杆间距和锚杆长度。同时,综合国内外岩爆防治实践,根据雪峰山隧道实际情况,提出了雪峰山岩爆分级综合防治措施。本文针对雪峰山隧道岩爆问题,提出的预测方法和防治措施,对国内外同类工程具有一定的借鉴和参考价值。
[Abstract]:In the deep buried long tunnel, rock burst is a common engineering geological disaster in the excavation process. It is generally considered that under the condition of high ground stress, the stress distribution of the wall rock of the hard brittle rock is redistributed due to excavation unloading. A dynamic instability phenomenon caused by the sudden release of elastic strain energy stored in rock mass. It is a serious threat to the safety of equipment and construction personnel, affecting the progress of the project, has become a worldwide engineering problem. To study the formation mechanism, prediction and prevention methods of rock burst, effectively contain the occurrence of high intensity rock burst disaster, avoid equipment loss, casualties and delay in construction period caused by rock burst disaster, It has become an important subject to be solved urgently by the vast number of engineers and technicians in our country. The Xuefengshan tunnel in Hunan section of Shanghai-Kunming high-speed railway has a large buried depth and long line, which may lead to rockburst disaster. In view of this problem, this paper uses various methods to predict the risk of rockburst in each section of the tunnel. The function of shotcrete anchor support in preventing rockburst is analyzed, and the comprehensive prevention measures of rockburst classification in Xuefengshan Tunnel are put forward. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1) the physical geography, stratigraphic lithology, geological structure, hydrogeological characteristics and engineering geological characteristics of Xuefengshan Tunnel site are studied. 2) the plane numerical simulation of secondary stress field of tunnel surrounding rock after excavation is carried out, and the distribution characteristics of secondary stress field of tunnel surrounding rock are obtained. Through theoretical calculation and numerical simulation, the risk of rock burst in each section of tunnel is predicted by using the method of stress intensity ratio (single index). At the same time, based on fuzzy matter-element theory, the grade of rock burst hazard in typical tunnel section is evaluated. By comparing the two prediction methods, it is concluded that the evaluation method based on fuzzy matter-element theory is superior to the single index rock-burst prediction method such as the stress intensity ratio method. In this paper, finite difference software FLAC3D is used to simulate and analyze the effect of shotcreting and anchor support on preventing rock burst, and the best bolt spacing and bolt length are obtained. At the same time, according to the actual situation of Xuefeng Mountain Tunnel, the comprehensive prevention measures of rock burst classification in Xuefeng Mountain are put forward according to the practice of rock burst prevention and control at home and abroad. Aiming at the problem of rock burst in Xuefengshan tunnel, the prediction methods and prevention measures are put forward in this paper, which can be used for reference and reference for similar projects at home and abroad.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U457

【参考文献】