北京市中心城区交通问题分类及改善措施研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 16:00

本文选题：交通拥堵 + 交通问题分类　；参考：《北京工业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市交通问题是一个复杂的系统问题,特大城市道路交通拥堵和城市活动效率下降是一个世界性难题。要想从根本上解决问题,必须科学制定近期和远期的交通政策,而这些都应该在城市综合交通规划的框架下展开,按照一定的程序和原则,综合各个层次,协调各个部门,有立法的保障,才能为公众提供满意的城市交通服务。北京市在快速发展过程中面临着严峻的人口资源环境压力,患上了相当程度的“城市病”。主要表现为:人口无序过快增长;中心城功能过度聚集;城市空间“摊大饼”的蔓延方式没有根本改变;水资源紧缺、大气污染、生态环境容量不足等压力越来越大。交通拥堵是“城市病”的典型表现,也是最难以控制的大城市发展的突出问题。论文介绍了国内外一些大城市的交通拥堵现况以及解决交通问题的一些措施,调查了北京市中心城区交通运行状态、道路设施现状、公共交通系统现状,轨道交通设施现状、停车设施现况等。按照道路设施、交叉节点设施、行人和非机动车交通系统、公共交通系统、轨道交通衔接、公共停车场、交通安全和管理设施7个方面,梳理了18个类别以及37项存在的交通问题,并针对每类问题分析了其产生原因,从宏观层面提出解决问题的思路和具体措施,可以指导后续工程建设实施。以姚家园路(东三环路至东五环路)道路工程为工程实例,分析其涉及的具体交通问题,并针对性的提出改善方案,为以后类似工作提供了一种新的思路。
[Abstract]:Urban traffic problem is a complex system problem. Traffic congestion and the decline of urban activity efficiency in mega-cities are a worldwide problem. In order to fundamentally solve the problem, we must scientifically formulate both short-term and long-term transport policies, and all these should be carried out within the framework of integrated urban transport planning, integrating all levels and coordinating various departments in accordance with certain procedures and principles. Only with the protection of legislation can the public be provided with satisfactory urban transport services. In the process of rapid development, Beijing is faced with severe pressure of population, resources and environment, and suffers from a considerable degree of "urban disease". The main manifestations are as follows: the population is increasing too fast; the function of the central city is gathering too much; the spreading mode of "spreading big cake" in urban space has not changed fundamentally; the pressure of water resources shortage, air pollution, ecological environment capacity insufficiency and so on is more and more great. Traffic congestion is the typical manifestation of "urban disease" and the most difficult problem to control the development of big cities. This paper introduces the current situation of traffic congestion in some big cities at home and abroad and some measures to solve the traffic problems, and investigates the traffic operation status, road facilities, public transport system and rail transit facilities in the central city of Beijing. Parking facilities, etc. According to the seven aspects of road facilities, cross-node facilities, pedestrian and non-motor transport systems, public transport systems, rail transit links, public car parks, traffic safety and management facilities, This paper combs 18 categories and 37 existing traffic problems, and analyzes the causes of each kind of problems, and puts forward the ideas and concrete measures to solve the problems from the macro level, which can guide the implementation of subsequent projects. Taking the road project of Yao Jiayuan Road (East third Ring Road to East Fifth Ring Road) as an engineering example, this paper analyzes the concrete traffic problems involved in the project, and puts forward the improvement plan, which provides a new way of thinking for the similar work in the future.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U491

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