城市交通网络中用户均衡的效率度量方法和应用研究

发布时间：2018-06-17 00:00

本文选题：交通网络效率 + 双层规划模型　；参考：《重庆交通大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：Braess诡异现象表明，交通网络中，用户出行从自身利益出发，企图满足个人利益的最大化，最终经过博弈后达到用户均衡状态，然而对于交通管理者而言，其追求的目标是系统最优状态，当交通网络缺乏管理，用户均衡状态不一定是系统最优状态，用户均衡会导致网络平衡时系统总的成本增加。当交通网络被有效的控制后，其用户均衡行为的有效性可得到提高，因而很有必要对交通网络使用效率进行评估，以减小交通流量的不合理分布引起系统总成本的增加，评估结果也可以反映出交通流量的分布对城市交通网络效率的影响情况。本文在对城市交通网络平衡分析的基础上，对系统最优与用户均衡进行比较分析，从路段流量与费用的角度，综合考虑用户出行的时间成本、车辆油耗成本以及车辆磨损等影响居民出行的因素，度量城市交通网络效率，并用城市交通网络效率来评价交通流量分布的合理性。拥挤收费被视为能更加有效地使用道路资源的一个交通需求管理措施之一，以城市交通网络效率最大化为上层规划模型，以拥挤收费条件下的用户均衡为下层规划模型建立双层规划模型，，探讨了使城市交通网络效率最大的拥挤收费策略，有利于实现城市交通网络效率最大的目标。基于本文的研究结果，可以对均衡流量分配的交通网络的使用效率进行了有效的评估，使城市交通网络交通流量分布更趋合理；也可以为城市交通需求管理措施的制定提供参考，从而指导城市交通规划和管理实践。
[Abstract]:Braess eerie phenomenon shows that in traffic network, users travel from their own interests, trying to meet the maximum of personal interests, and finally after the game to achieve user equilibrium, but for traffic managers, The goal of the system is the optimal state of the system. When the traffic network is not managed, the user equilibrium state is not necessarily the optimal state of the system, and the user equilibrium will lead to the increase of the total cost of the system when the network is balanced. When the traffic network is effectively controlled, the effectiveness of the user equilibrium behavior can be improved, so it is necessary to evaluate the efficiency of the traffic network, so as to reduce the unreasonable distribution of traffic flow and increase the total cost of the system. The evaluation results can also reflect the influence of traffic flow distribution on urban traffic network efficiency. Based on the analysis of the balance of urban transportation network, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the optimal system and the user equilibrium, considering the time cost of the user travel comprehensively from the angle of road flow and cost. In order to measure the efficiency of urban traffic network and evaluate the rationality of traffic flow distribution, the factors such as vehicle fuel consumption cost and vehicle wear and tear are used to measure the efficiency of urban traffic network. Congestion pricing is regarded as one of the traffic demand management measures which can make more effective use of road resources. It takes the maximum efficiency of urban traffic network as the upper planning model. Taking the user equilibrium under congestion charge as the lower level programming model, this paper discusses the congestion charging strategy to maximize the efficiency of urban traffic network, which is conducive to the realization of the goal of maximum efficiency of urban traffic network. Based on the results of this paper, the efficiency of traffic network with balanced flow distribution can be evaluated effectively, and the traffic flow distribution of urban traffic network is more reasonable. It can also provide reference for the establishment of urban traffic demand management measures and guide urban traffic planning and management practice.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.13

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