在役混凝土桥梁质量状态评估研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 22:33

本文选题：评估 + 层次分析法　；参考：《天津大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着时间的推移,既有桥梁陈旧老化,结构损伤不断地积累,破损日益严重,已难以适应日趋增长的交通量的需要,成为交通运输的瓶颈,制约了我国经济建设的飞速发展。其中有一些桥梁甚至发生了坍塌事故,给人民的生命和财产安全造成了巨大的损失。因此,为保证公路的畅通,创造安全、舒适的行车环境,如何对既有桥梁的技术状况作出合理准确的评估,已成为工程界的重点研究内容。本文以既有公路桥梁为研究对象,在分析了国内外既有桥梁现状及桥梁评估现状基础上,指出了既有桥梁状态评估的迫切性和必要性。详细阐述并总结了模糊集合理论和模糊综合评估理论,介绍了应用于桥梁结构的模糊综合评估的方法及评估过程。根据桥梁结构的特点及病害特征,对桥梁结构进行了层次划分,将桥梁结构分为多个子系统并确定了各子系统的底层评估指标,建立了桥梁结构的模糊综合评估层次模型,结合规范和相关文献给出了各底层指标的评价标准,确定了与规范一致的评价集向量V={v_1,v_2,v_3,v_4,v_5}。利用层次分析法(AHP)确定桥梁各层指标的权重。采用1~9之间任意插值的方法对各层指标进行两两比较,构造的判断矩阵具有较好的一致性,通过求解最大特征值对应的特征向量得到合理的权重分配。对天津宝平大桥一桥的质量检测进行了分析和总结,依据桥梁检测和试验结果对该桥进行了常规综合评估和模糊综合评估。常规综合评估最终得分Dr=60.4,属于二类桥梁;该桥模糊评价集为(0.140,0.293,0.376,0.171,0.020),根据最大隶属度原则和加权平均法确定该桥等级为三类较差状态。两种评估方法结果不一致,证明本文采用的桥梁结构模糊综合评估方法的适用性和有效性。
[Abstract]:With the passage of time, the old aging of the existing bridges, the accumulation of structural damage, the increasingly serious damage, has been difficult to adapt to the increasing demand of traffic volume, has become the bottleneck of transportation, and restricted the rapid development of economic construction in China. Some of these bridges even collapsed, causing great losses to people's lives and property. Therefore, in order to ensure the smooth running of the highway and create a safe and comfortable driving environment, how to make a reasonable and accurate evaluation of the technical situation of the existing bridges has become the key research content in the engineering field. This paper takes existing highway bridges as the research object and points out the urgency and necessity of the state evaluation of existing bridges on the basis of analyzing the present situation of existing bridges at home and abroad and the present situation of bridge evaluation. The fuzzy set theory and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation theory are expounded and summarized in detail. The method and process of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation applied to bridge structure are introduced. According to the characteristics of the bridge structure and the disease characteristics, the bridge structure is divided into several subsystems, the evaluation index of each subsystem is determined, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation hierarchy model of the bridge structure is established. In this paper, the evaluation criteria of each underlying index are given according to the specification and related documents, and the evaluation set vector V = {v _ 1 / V _ V _ T _ 2 / V _ 2 / V _ T _ 3 / V _ 4 / V _ 5} which is consistent with the criterion is determined. The weight of each layer index of bridge is determined by analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The method of arbitrary interpolation between 1 / 9 is used to compare the indexes of each layer. The constructed judgment matrix has good consistency, and the weight distribution is obtained by solving the eigenvector corresponding to the maximum eigenvalue. The quality test of the first bridge of Baoping Bridge in Tianjin is analyzed and summarized. The conventional comprehensive evaluation and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of the bridge are carried out according to the bridge detection and test results. The final score of the conventional comprehensive evaluation is Dran 60.4, which belongs to the second class bridge, and the fuzzy evaluation set of the bridge is 0.140 / 0.293/ 0.376/ 0.171/ 0.020. According to the principle of maximum membership degree and the weighted average method, the grade of the bridge is determined as three types of poor state. The results of the two methods are inconsistent, which proves the applicability and validity of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method for bridge structure.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U446

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