全断面岩石掘进机刀具磨损研究及刀具布局优化

发布时间：2018-06-21 23:01

本文选题：全断面岩石掘进机 + 滚刀磨损　；参考：《天津大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国大规模基础项目的实施，在铁路、公路、水利、水电、市政等建设中需要开挖大量长距离隧道，全断面岩石掘进机（TBM）以其掘进速度快、自动化程度高、作业环境好、综合效益高等优点而得到广泛的应用。TBM刀盘上的刀具是执行开挖掘进的核心部件，刀具的磨损和失效将直接影响TBM的掘进效率，刀具严重磨损后如果不能及时更换，将使毗邻的刀具由于超负荷工作而加剧磨损，也可能使刀盘由于偏载严重断裂或减少大轴承的寿命。作为刀具载体的刀盘，一方面向刀具传递破岩所需的力，同时刀具在刀盘上的优化布局对提高掘进效率也具有重要意义。本文在国内外研究的基础上，针对刀具的磨损预测和刀盘刀具的布局问题，进行了以下几个方面的研究工作：（1）分析了TBM滚刀的类型及其失效形式，重点研究刀具的磨损失效。根据滚刀旋转破岩时与岩石的相互作用的工作原理和滚刀的磨损机理，归纳了影响滚刀磨损的四个主要因素，即刀具的几何形状、刀具材料工艺、TBM掘进参数和岩石的耐磨性。在分析现有滚刀磨损预测方法的基础上，提出了基于滚刀破岩摩擦功的磨损预测模型，结合秦岭隧道施工实例论证了该模型的可行性。（2）研究了ABAQUS的分析过程和显式动力学基本理论，以TBM上广泛应用的17英寸常截面（CCS）盘形滚刀为研究对象，对硬质花岗岩应用Drucker-Prager本构模型和基于拉伸特性的断裂损伤准则，建立了双滚刀顺次回转破岩的三维数值仿真模型，，研究了刀间距和贯入度对破岩力和比能的影响。（3）分析了刀盘设计需要考虑的因素、刀盘刀具布局和主切削参数的确定方法，即基于线性切割机（LCM）的实验方法和基于有限元理论的计算机仿真方法。对比了目前常用的刀盘刀具布局设计方法，即在得到破岩力的基础上建立的设计方法和综合优化设计方法。基于摩擦功相等原理，针对花岗岩地质对TBM刀盘外围布刀的刀间距进行了分析计算。
[Abstract]:With the implementation of large-scale basic projects in China, a large number of long distance tunnels need to be excavated in the construction of railway, highway, water conservancy, hydropower, municipal, etc. The full-section rock tunneling machine (TBM) has the advantages of high speed, high automation and good working environment. The tool on the cutter head of TBM is the core component to carry out excavation, and the wear and failure of the tool will directly affect the tunneling efficiency of TBM. If the tool can't be replaced in time after serious wear, The adjacent cutters will be more worn out due to overload, and the cutter head may break seriously or reduce the life of the large bearing due to the bias load. As the tool carrier, the cutter head, on the one hand, transfers the force needed to break the rock to the tool, and at the same time, the optimized layout of the tool on the cutter head is also of great significance to improve the tunneling efficiency. Based on the research at home and abroad, aiming at the problem of tool wear prediction and cutter layout, this paper has carried out the following research work: (1) the type and failure form of TBM hob are analyzed. The wear failure of cutting tools is mainly studied. According to the working principle of the interaction between hob and rock and the wear mechanism of hob, four main factors affecting the wear of hob are summarized, namely, the geometric shape of the cutter, the cutting tool material technology, the tunneling parameters of TBM and the wear resistance of rock. Based on the analysis of the existing prediction methods of hob wear, the wear prediction model based on the friction work of hob breaking rock is proposed. The feasibility of the model is demonstrated by an example of Qinling tunnel construction. (2) Abaqus' analytical process and explicit dynamics theory are studied, and the 17-inch CCS disc hob widely used in TBM is taken as the research object. Using Drucker-Prager constitutive model and fracture damage criterion based on tensile characteristics, a three-dimensional numerical simulation model of rock breaking with double hobs is established. The influence of tool spacing and penetration on rock breaking force and specific energy is studied. (3) the factors that need to be considered in the design of cutter head, the tool layout of cutter head and the determination of main cutting parameters are analyzed. The experiment method based on linear cutting machine (LCM) and the computer simulation method based on finite element theory. In this paper, the common design method of cutter tool layout is compared, that is, the design method established on the basis of rock breaking force and the comprehensive optimization design method. Based on the principle of equal friction work, the tool spacing around the TBM cutter head is analyzed and calculated in view of granite geology.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U455.31

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